Sigmund Freud citations

Sigmund Freud [sigmund fʁ̥øːd] ou [fʁœjd] , né Sigismund Schlomo Freud le 6 mai 1856 à Freiberg et mort le 23 septembre 1939 à Londres, est un neurologue autrichien, fondateur de la psychanalyse.

Médecin viennois, Freud rencontre plusieurs personnalités importantes pour le développement de la psychanalyse, dont il est le principal théoricien. Son amitié avec Wilhelm Fliess, sa collaboration avec Josef Breuer, l'influence de Jean-Martin Charcot et des théories sur l'hypnose de l'École de la Salpêtrière vont le conduire à repenser les processus psychiques. Ses deux grandes découvertes sont la sexualité infantile et l'inconscient. Elles le conduiront à élaborer plusieurs théorisations des instances psychiques, en premier lieu avec les concepts d'inconscient, de rêve et de névrose, puis il proposera une technique de thérapie, la cure psychanalytique, qu'il définit pour la première fois en 1904. C'est dans le cadre de la cure, dès les Études sur l'hystérie, et particulièrement dans sa première analyse du « cas Dora », que Freud découvre peu à peu l'importance du transfert.

Freud regroupe une génération de psychothérapeutes qui, pas à pas, élaborent la psychanalyse, d'abord en Autriche, en Suisse, à Berlin, puis à Paris, Londres et aux États-Unis. En dépit des scissions internes et des critiques, la psychanalyse s'installe comme une nouvelle discipline des sciences humaines dès 1920. En 1938, Freud, menacé par le régime nazi, quitte Vienne pour s'exiler à Londres, où il meurt d'un cancer de la mâchoire en 1939.

Le terme de « psycho-analyse » apparaît pour la première fois en 1896 dans un article écrit en français, publié dans cette langue le 30 mars 1896, puis en allemand le 15 mai 1896. Mais « les deux articles furent expédiés le même jour », le 5 février 1896. La psychanalyse repose sur plusieurs hypothèses et concepts élaborés ou repris par Freud. « Ce qui caractérise la psychanalyse, en tant que science, c’est moins la matière sur laquelle elle travaille, que la technique dont elle se sert ». La technique de la cure, dès 1898 sous la forme de la méthode cathartique, avec Josef Breuer, puis le développement de la cure analytique, est le principal apport de la psychanalyse. L'hypothèse de l'inconscient approfondit la théorisation du psychisme. D'autres concepts vont, au fur et à mesure, développer et complexifier la théorie psychanalytique, à la fois science de l'inconscient et savoir sur les processus psychiques et thérapeutiques.



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✵ 6. mai 1856 – 23. septembre 1939
Sigmund Freud photo

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Sigmund Freud: 179   citations 0   J'aime

Sigmund Freud citations célèbres

“L'éthique est la restriction des pulsions.”

Citation de L'homme moise et la religion monothéiste, page 219, Triebeinschränkung.

“La société transforme le désagréable en injuste.”

Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis

“Il est absurde de se glorifier de ses ancêtres, j'aime mieux être moi-même un aïeul.”

Citation de L'interprétation des rêves, page 369.

Sigmund Freud Citations

“La mort propre est irreprésentable […] dans l’inconscient, chacun de nous est convaincu de son immortalité”

Citations propres, Actuelles sur la guerre et la mort, 1915

“La psychanalyse est un outil qui doit donner au moi la possibilité de conquérir progressivement le ça.”

Citation de Malaise dans la culture, PUF, Quadrige, page 73.

“Le ça est totalement amoral.”

Citation de Malaise dans la culture, PUF, Quadrige, page 269.

“Engels, dans l' Origine de la Famille, n'hésite pas à faire de l'amour sexuel individuel, né de cette forme supérieure des rapports sexuels qu'est la monogamie, le plus grand progrès moral accompli par l'homme dans les temps modernes. Quelque entorse qu'on cherche aujourd'hui à faire subir à la pensée marxiste sur ce point comme sur tant d'autres, il est indéniable que les auteurs du Manifeste communiste n'ont cessé de s'élever contre les espoirs de retour aux rapports sexuels « désordonnés » qui marquèrent l'aube de l'histoire humaine. La propriété privée une fois abolie, « on peut affirmer avec raison, déclare Engels, que loin de disparaître, la monogamie sera plutôt pour la première fois réalisée ». Dans le même ouvrage il insiste à plusieurs reprises sur le caractère exclusif de cet amour qui, au prix de quels égarements – j'en sais de misérables et de grandioses – s'est enfin trouvé. Cette vue sur ce que peut sans doute présenter de plus agitant la considération du devenir humain ne peut être corroborée plus nettement que par celle de Freud pour qui l'amour sexuel, tel même qu'il est déjà donné, rompt les liens collectifs créés par la race, s'élève au-dessus des différences nationales et des hiérarchies sociales, et, ce faisant, contribue dans une grande mesure au progrès de la culture. Ces deux témoignages, qui donnent la conception de moins en moins frivole de l'amour pour principe fondamental au progrès moral aussi bien que culturel, me sembleraient à eux seuls de nature à faire la part la plus belle à l'activité poétique comme moyen éprouvé de fixation du monde sensible et mouvant sur un seul être aussi bien que comme force permanente d'anticipation.”

112, L'Amour fou/Gallimard-Folio
Citations d'autres auteurs le concernant

“La vie psychique est un champ de bataille et une arène où luttent des tendances opposées”

Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud: Citations en anglais

“We are never so defenceless against suffering as when we love.”

Source: 1920s, Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 2; as translated by James Strachey, p.63

Sigmund Freud citation: “Being entirely honest with oneself is a good exercise.”

“Being entirely honest with oneself is a good exercise.”

Letter to Wilhelm Fliess (15 October 1897), as quoted in Origins of Psychoanalysis
1890s

“Everywhere I go I find that a poet has been there before me.”

As quoted in In factor of the sensitive man, and other essays (1976 edition) by Anais Nin, p.14
Attributed from posthumous publications

“Beauty has no obvious use; nor is there any clear cultural necessity for it. Yet civilization could not do without it.”

Sigmund Freud livre Malaise dans la civilisation

Source: 1920s, Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 2, as translated by James Strachey, p.62

“Immorality, no less than morality, has at all times found support in religion.”

Sigmund Freud livre The Future of an Illusion

Source: 1920s, The Future of an Illusion (1927), Ch. 7

“Whoever loves become humble. Those who love have, so to speak, pawned a part of their narcissism.”

Wer verliebt ist, ist demütig. Wer liebt, hat sozusagen ein Stück seines Narzißmus eingebüßt.
"Gesammelte Schriften, Volume 6" (1924), p. 183
1920s

“Conscience is the internal perception of the rejection of a particular wish operating within us.”

Sigmund Freud livre Totem and Taboo

Totem and Taboo: Resemblances Between the Mental Lives of Savages and Neurotics (1913)
1910s

“Towards the outside, at any rate, the ego seems to maintain clear and sharp lines of demarcation. There is only one state — admittedly an unusual state, but not one that can be stigmatized as pathological — in which it does not do this. At the height of being in love the boundary between ego and object threatens to melt away.”

Source: 1920s, Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 1, as translated by Joan Riviere (1961)
Contexte: Towards the outside, at any rate, the ego seems to maintain clear and sharp lines of demarcation. There is only one state — admittedly an unusual state, but not one that can be stigmatized as pathological — in which it does not do this. At the height of being in love the boundary between ego and object threatens to melt away. Against all the evidence of his senses, a man who is in love declares that "I" and "you" are one, and is prepared to behave as if it were a fact.

“The voice of the intellect is a soft one, but it does not rest until it has gained a hearing.”

1920s, The Future of an Illusion (1927)
Contexte: The voice of the intellect is a soft one, but it does not rest until it has gained a hearing. Ultimately, after endlessly repeated rebuffs, it succeeds. This is one of the few points in which it may be optimistic about the future of mankind, but in itself it signifies not a little.

“The virtuous man contents himself with dreaming that which the wicked man does in actual life.”

Sigmund Freud livre The Interpretation of Dreams

1910s
Source: Quoting Plato, as translated by Abraham Arden Brill, "The Interpretation of Dreams" https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Freud_-_The_interpretation_of_dreams.djvu/511 (1913 edition), p.493

“A man like me cannot live without a hobby-horse, a consuming passion — in Schiller's words a tyrant.”

Ein Mensch wie ich kann ohne Steckenpferd, ohne herrschende Leidenschaften, ohne einen Tyrannen in Schillers Worten, nicht leben. Ich habe meinen Tyrannen gefunden und in seinem Dienst kenne ich kein Maß.
Letter to Wilhelm Fliess (1895), as quoted in Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences Vol 3-4 (1967) p. 159
1890s
Contexte: A man like me cannot live without a hobby-horse, a consuming passion — in Schiller's words a tyrant. I have found my tyrant, and in his service I know no limits. My tyrant is psychology. it has always been my distant, beckoning goal and now since I have hit upon the neuroses, it has come so much the nearer.

“One might compare the relation of the ego to the id with that between a rider and his horse.”

The Anatomy of the Mental Personality (Lecture 31)
1930s, "New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-analysis" https://books.google.com/books/about/New_Introductory_Lectures_on_Psycho_anal.html?id=hIqaep1qKRYC&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q&f=false (1933)
Contexte: One might compare the relation of the ego to the id with that between a rider and his horse. The horse provides the locomotor energy, and the rider has the prerogative of determining the goal and of guiding the movements of his powerful mount towards it. But all too often in the relations between the ego and the id we find a picture of the less ideal situation in which the rider is obliged to guide his horse in the direction in which it itself wants to go.

“I will cure all the incurable nervous cases and through you I shall be healthy”

Letter to Martha Bernays, after receiving a travel grant he had been having dreams of receiving (20 June 1885)
1880s
Contexte: Princess, my little Princess,
Oh, how wonderful it will be! I am coming with money and staying a long time and bringing something beautiful for you and then go on to Paris and become a great scholar and then come back to Vienna with a huge, enormous halo, and then we will soon get married, and I will cure all the incurable nervous cases and through you I shall be healthy and I will go on kissing you till you are strong and gay and happy — and "if they haven't died, they are still alive today."

“Our knowledge of the historical worth of certain religious doctrines increases our respect for them, but does not invalidate our proposal that they should cease to be put forward as the reasons for the precepts of civilization.”

Source: 1920s, The Future of an Illusion (1927), Ch. 8
Contexte: Our knowledge of the historical worth of certain religious doctrines increases our respect for them, but does not invalidate our proposal that they should cease to be put forward as the reasons for the precepts of civilization. On the contrary! Those historical residues have helped us to view religious teachings, as it were, as neurotic relics, and we may now argue that the time has probably come, as it does in an analytic treatment, for replacing the effects of repression by the results of the rational operation of the intellect.

“Aggressiveness was not created by property.”

Source: 1920s, Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 5, as translated by James Strachey and Anna Freud (1961)
Contexte: I cannot inquire into whether the abolition of private property is expedient or advantageous. But I am able to recognize that the psychological premisses on which the [system]] is based are an untenable illusion. In abolishing private property we deprive the human love of aggression of one of its instruments, certainly a strong one, though certainly not the strongest, but we have not altered the differences in power and influence which are misused by aggressiveness, nor have we altered anything in its nature. Aggressiveness was not created by property. It reigned almost without limit in primitive times, when property was still very scanty, and it already shows itself in the nursery almost before property has given up its primal, anal form; it forms the basis of every relation of affection and love among people (with the single exception, perhaps, of the mother's relations to her male child).

“The common characteristic of all perversions, on the other hand, is that they have abandoned reproduction as their aim.”

We term sexual activity perverse when it has renounced the aim of reproduction and follows the pursuit of pleasure as an independent goal. And so you realize that the turning point in the development of sexual life lies in its subjugation to the purpose of reproduction. Everything this side of the turning point, everything that has given up this purpose and serves the pursuit of pleasure alone, must carry the term "perverse" and as such be regarded with contempt.
A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis, 1920, preface by G. Stanley Hall, Twentieth Lecture: General Theory of the Neuroses, The Sexual Life of Man, New York, Boni and Liveright, p. 273. (reprinted 1975 by Pocket pub. ISBN 0671800329 ISBN 978-0671800321and 2012 by Emereo Publishing, ISBN 9781486414147 http://books.google.com/books?id=zCgFAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA273&dq=%22common+characteristic+of+all+perversions%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VaQtUvq2H4bS9gSy3YCoCQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22common%20characteristic%20of%20all%20perversions%22&f=false (Harvard sociologist and a founder of the Rural Sociological Society Carle C. Zimmerman (1897-1983) notes the following in regard to Freud's early thinking on human sexuality: "Nor did the atheist Sigmund Freud perceive any difficulty in detecting the intrinsic perversity of contraception and allied deviations." see, Marriage and the Family, A Text for Moderns, (1956), Carl C. Zimmerman, Ph.D., Lucius F. Cervantes, S.J., PhD. (Harvard, Regis), Regnery, Chicago, Ill., p. 329. http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4518815;view=1up;seq=347 http://books.google.com/books?id=Jt9-AAAAIAAJ&q=%22common+characteristic+of+all+perversions%22&dq=%22common+characteristic+of+all+perversions%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=by3cU-y9OsOhyAS2loKgAw&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg
1920s

“He that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret.”

Fragment of an Analysis of a Case of Hysteria (1905) Ch. 2 : The First Dream
1900s
Source: Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
Contexte: He that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his fingertips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore.

“It is impossible to escape the impression that people commonly use false standards of measurement — that they seek power, success and wealth for themselves and admire them in others, and that they underestimate what is of true value in life.”

Sigmund Freud livre Malaise dans la civilisation

Man kann sich des Eindrucks nicht erwehren, daß die Menschen gemeinhin mit falschen Maßstäben messen, Macht, Erfolg und Reichtum für sich anstreben und bei anderen bewundern, die wahren Werte des Lebens aber unterschätzen.
Source: 1920s, Civilization and Its Discontents (1929), Ch. 1, as translated by James Strachey, p.25

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