| John Salley | American basketball player | 1964 |
| Sallust | Roman historian, politician | -86–-34 BC |
| Sallustius | Roman philosopher and writer | |
| Masud Sa'd Salman | Iranian writer | 1046–1121 |
| Mohammad bin Salman | Saudi crown prince and minist… | 1985 |
| Karen Salmansohn | American writer | |
| Ben Salmon | American activist | 1889–1932 |
| George Salmon | mathematician and Anglican … | 1819–1904 |
| Alex Salmond | Scottish National Party polit… | 1954 |
| Charlotte Salomon | German painter | 1917–1943 |
| Edwin Ernest Salpeter | American astronomer | 1924–2008 |
| Henry Stephens Salt | British activist | 1851–1939 |
| Titus Salt | English industrialist and phi… | 1803–1876 |
| James Salter | American novelist and short-s… | 1925–2015 |
| Jerry Saltz | American art historian | 1951 |
| R. A. Salvatore | American writer | 1959 |
| Francesco Salvi | Italian actor, writer, comedi… | 1953 |
| Sharon Salzberg | American writer | 1952 |
| A.E. Samaan | | |
| Swami Samarpanananda | Monk, Author, Teacher | |
| Sofia Samatar | Somali-American professor, ed… | 1971 |
| Catherine Samba-Panza | Central African politician | 1954 |
| Andy Samberg | American comedian | 1978 |
| Richie Sambora | musician, songwriter | 1959 |
| Jay Samit | American businessman | 1961 |
| Aristarchus of Samos | ancient Greek astronomer and … | |
| Melissus of Samos | Eleatic philosopher | -470–-430 BC |
| Anthony Sampson | British writer and journalist | 1926–2004 |
| Adi Da Samraj | American writer | 1939–2008 |
| John of St. Samson | | 1571–1636 |
| Sanju Samson | Indian cricketer | 1994 |
| Maurice Samuel | novelist, translator and lect… | 1895–1972 |
| L. K. Samuels | American writer | 1951 |
| Larry Samuelson | American economist | 1953 |
| Paul A. Samuelson | American economist | 1915–2009 |
| Robert J. Samuelson | American journalist | 1945 |
| Hiroaki Samura | Japanese graphic novelist | 1970 |
| Aung San | Burmese revolutionary leader | 1915–1947 |
| Totaram Sanadhya | Fijian writer | 1876–1947 |
| Sanai | Persian poet | 1080–1131 |
| Marek Sanak | Polish scientist | 1958 |
| Julian Sanchez | | |
| Matt Sanchez | writer, journalist | 1970 |
| Ricardo Sanchez | United States Army Lieutenant… | 1953 |
| Luis Rafael Sánchez | Puerto Rican playwright and n… | 1936 |
| Ignatius Sancho | British composer, writer and … | 1729–1780 |
| George Sand | French novelist and memoirist… | 1804–1876 |
| Yane Sandanski | Bulgarian revolutionary | 1872–1915 |
| Richard Sandbrook | environmentalist | 1946–2005 |
| Carl Sandburg | American writer and editor | 1878–1967 |
| Jules Sandeau | French writer | 1811–1883 |
| Michael J. Sandel | American political philosopher | 1953 |
| Barry Sanders | American academic, author | 1938 |
| Bernie Sanders | American politician, senator … | 1941 |
| Deion Sanders | All-American college football… | 1967 |
| Harland Sanders | American entrepreneur and bus… | 1890–1980 |
| Sarah Huckabee Sanders | American political press secr… | 1982 |
| Brandon Sanderson | American fantasy writer | 1975 |
| John Sandford | | |
| John M. Sandidge | American politician | 1817–1890 |
| Augusto Sandino | Nicaraguan revolutionary | 1895–1934 |
| Adam Sandler | American actor, comedian, scr… | 1966 |
| Chela Sandoval | Chicana and post-colonial fem… | 1956 |
| Bobby Sands | Irish volunteer of the Provis… | 1954–1981 |
| Lynsay Sands | Canadian writer | |
| Mark Sanford | 115th Governor of South Carol… | 1960 |
| Kumar Sangakkara | Sri Lankan cricketer | 1977 |
| Larry Sanger | American former professor, co… | 1968 |
| Margaret Sanger | American birth control activi… | 1879–1966 |
| Margaret Elizabeth Sangster | American poet, author, journa… | 1838–1912 |
| Eduardus Sangsun | Indonesian bishop (1943-2008) | 1943–2008 |
| Suraj Sani | Nigerian writer, Spoken word … | 1996 |
| Thomas Sankara | President of Upper Volta | 1949–1987 |
| Dilip Sankarreddy | Business professional | |
| Jacopo Sannazaro | Italian writer | 1458–1530 |
| Lin San-quei | Taiwanese politician | |
| Honinbo Sansa | go player, founder of the pre… | 1559–1623 |
| C.J. Sansom | British author of crime ficti… | 1952 |
| George Bailey Sansom | japanologist | 1883–1965 |
| Francesco Sansovino | Italian writer | 1521–1583 |
| Gus Van Sant | American film director, produ… | 1952 |
| Carlos Santana | Mexican and American rock mus… | 1947 |
| George Santayana | 20th-century Spanish-American… | 1863–1952 |
| Esmeralda Santiago | Puerto Rican writer and actor | 1948 |
| Giorgio De Santillana | American historian and philos… | 1902–1974 |
| Louis Chamniern Santisukniram | Archbishop of Thailand | 1942 |
| Helen Hooven Santmyer | American novelist | 1895–1986 |
| Rick Santorum | American politician | 1958 |
| Epifanio de los Santos | Filipino politician | 1871–1928 |
| Ruperto Santos | 21st-century Catholic Bishop … | 1957 |
| Scarlet Jei Saoirse | American singer and actress | 1984 |
| Edward Sapir | American linguist and anthrop… | 1884–1939 |
| Milton Sapirstein | American psychiatrist | 1914–1996 |
| Andrzej Sapkowski | Novelist | 1948 |
| Robert M. Sapolsky | American endocrinologist | 1957 |
| Steve F. Sapontzis | | 1945 |
| Sappho | ancient Greek lyric poet | -630–-570 BC |
| Edwin van der Sar | Dutch footballer | 1970 |
| Vikram Sarabhai | (1919-1971), Indian physicist | 1919–1971 |
| Tanya Saracho | Mexican-American actress, pla… | |
