| Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery | British politician | 1847–1929 |
| Philip Rosedale | American businessman, founder… | 1968 |
| Charles Rosen | American pianist and writer o… | 1927–2012 |
| David Rosen | irish rabbi | 1951 |
| Harvey S. Rosen | American economist | 1949 |
| Michael Rosen | British children's writer | 1946 |
| Mike Rosen | American political pundit | 1944 |
| Robert Rosen | American theoretical biologist | 1934–1998 |
| Stanley Rosen | American philosopher | 1929–2014 |
| Steven J. Rosen | American editor, author on Va… | 1955 |
| Alexander Rosenberg | American philosopher | 1946 |
| Alfred Rosenberg | German architect and politici… | 1893–1946 |
| Harold Rosenberg | American writer and art critic | 1906–1978 |
| Isaac Rosenberg | English poet | 1890–1918 |
| Kirsten Rosenberg | American singer | |
| Marshall B. Rosenberg | American psychologist | 1934–2015 |
| Roger Rosenblatt | American writer | 1940 |
| David H. Rosenbloom | American academic | 1943 |
| Matt Rosendale | Member of the Montana House o… | 1960 |
| Léon Rosenfeld | Belgian physicist | 1904–1974 |
| Mark Rosenfelder | American language inventor | |
| Paul Rosenfels | American sociologist | 1909–1985 |
| Arkady Rosengolts | Belarusian politician | 1889–1938 |
| James Rosenquist | American artist | 1933–2017 |
| Allen B. Rosenstein | American systems engineers | 1920–2018 |
| Amy Krouse Rosenthal | author, a radio show host and… | 1965–2017 |
| Harold Wallace Rosenthal | American terrorist victim | 1947–1976 |
| Franz Rosenzweig | Jewish theologian and philoso… | 1886–1929 |
| Hans Rosling | Swedish medical doctor, acade… | 1948–2017 |
| Mackenzie Rosman | American actress | 1989 |
| Meg Rosoff | American-British children's w… | 1956 |
| Ann B. Ross | American writer | |
| Blake Ross | Software developer | 1985 |
| Bob Ross | American painter, art instruc… | 1942–1995 |
| Charlotte Ross | American actress | 1968 |
| Dennis Ross | American diplomat | 1948 |
| Diana Ross | American vocalist, music arti… | 1944 |
| Douglas T. Ross | American computer scientist | 1929–2007 |
| Gary Ross | American film director | 1956 |
| Jeanne W. Ross | American computer scientist | 1958 |
| Jim Ross | American professional wrestli… | 1952 |
| Kate Ross | Novelist, lawyer | 1956–1998 |
| Stephen A. Ross | | |
| Wilbur Ross | 39th and current United State… | 1937 |
| Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa | Irish Republican Brotherhood … | 1831–1915 |
| Isabella Rossellini | Italian actress and filmmaker | 1952 |
| Yvette Rosser | American activist | 1952 |
| Christina Rossetti | English poet | 1830–1894 |
| Dante Gabriel Rossetti | English poet, illustrator, pa… | 1828–1882 |
| Portia de Rossi | Australian-American actress | 1973 |
| Vasco Rossi | Italian singer-songwriter | 1980 |
| Gioachino Rossini | Italian composer | 1792–1868 |
| Sevastianos Rossolatos | Greek archbishop | 1944 |
| Edmond Rostand | French writer | 1868–1918 |
| Jean Rostand | French writer | 1894–1977 |
| Leo Rosten | American writer | 1908–1997 |
| Theodore Roszak | American social historian, so… | 1933–2011 |
| Nino Rota | Italian composer | 1911–1979 |
| Olga Rotari | Moldovan classical pianist an… | 1989 |
| Sofia Rotaru | Ukrainain soviet and Ukrainia… | 1947 |
| Eugene Rotberg | | 1930 |
| Cecil Roth | British historian | 1899–1970 |
| David Lee Roth | Rock vocalist; lead singer wi… | 1954 |
| Eric Roth | American screenwriter | 1945 |
| Gabriel Roth | Argentine footballer | 1979 |
| John Roth | Canadian businessman | 1942 |
| Joseph Roth | austrian novelist and journal… | 1894–1939 |
| Philip Roth | American novelist | 1933–2018 |
| Steffen Roth | sociologist | 1976 |
| Veronica Roth | American author | 1988 |
| Murray N. Rothbard | American economist of the Aus… | 1926–1995 |
| Mike Rother | American business academic | 1958 |
| Patrick Rothfuss | American fantasy writer | 1973 |
| Mark Rothko | American painter | 1903–1970 |
| Victor Rothschild, 3rd Baron Rothschild | senior executive with Royal D… | 1910–1990 |
| Stephen Rotluanga | | 1952 |
| Georges Rouault | French painter | 1871–1958 |
| Nouriel Roubini | American economist | 1958 |
| Denis de Rougemont | Swiss writer | 1906–1985 |
| Hassan Rouhani | 7th President of Islamic Repu… | 1948 |
| Ronda Rousey | American judoka, mixed martia… | 1987 |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | Genevan philosopher | 1712–1778 |
| Théodore Rousseau | French painter (1812-1867) | 1812–1867 |
| Dilma Rousseff | 36th President of Brazil | 1947 |
| Martin Joseph Routh | Classical scholar and college… | 1755–1854 |
| Joseph Roux | French poet | 1834–1905 |
| Viliame Rovabokola | | |
| Karl Rove | American political consultant… | 1950 |
| Carlo Rovelli | Italian physicist | 1956 |
| Carl Rowan | American journalist | 1925–2000 |
| Elizabeth Rowe | poet and writer | 1674–1737 |
| Nicholas Rowe | English poet, dramatist | 1674–1718 |
| Michelle Rowen | Canadian writer | 1971 |
| Catherine Rowett | Professor of Philosophy at th… | 1956 |
| Frank Sherwood Rowland | American chemist | 1927–2012 |
| Helen Rowland | American journalist | 1875–1950 |
| Hilary Rowland | | |
| Kelly Rowland | singer, songwriter, actress | 1981 |
| Kevin Rowland | English singer-songwriter | 1953 |
| David Rowlands | British civil servant | 1947–2014 |
