| Jesse Robbins | American entrepreneur | 1978 |
| John Robbins | American author | 1947 |
| Lionel Robbins | British economist | 1898–1984 |
| Tom Robbins | American writer | 1932 |
| Henry Martyn Robert | United States Army general an… | 1837–1923 |
| Carolina de Robertis | American writer | 1975 |
| Adam Roberts | British writer known for spec… | 1965 |
| Barbara Roberts | American politician | 1936 |
| Cokie Roberts | American journalist | 1943–2019 |
| Dmae Roberts | American actress and writer | |
| Emma Roberts | American actress | 1991 |
| Gregory David Roberts | Australian writer and bank ro… | 1952 |
| Howard Roberts | American guitarist | 1929–1992 |
| Jane Roberts | American Writer | 1929–1984 |
| Johannes Roberts | British film director | 1976 |
| John Roberts | Chief Justice of the United S… | 1955 |
| Julia Roberts | American actress and producer | 1967 |
| Keith Roberts | British writer and artist | 1935–2000 |
| Kevin Roberts | British businessman | 1949 |
| Monty Roberts | Horse trainer | 1935 |
| Nora Roberts | American romance writer | 1950 |
| Pat Roberts | American politician | 1936 |
| Paul Craig Roberts | American economist | 1939 |
| Paul William Roberts | Canadian writer | 1950–2019 |
| Robin Roberts | | |
| William C. Roberts | American physician | 1932 |
| Allison Robertson | American musician | 1979 |
| Dennis Holme Robertson | British economist | 1890–1963 |
| Frederick William Robertson | British writer and theologian | 1816–1853 |
| Howard P. Robertson | American mathematician and ph… | 1903–1961 |
| Pat Robertson | American media mogul, executi… | 1930 |
| Suze Robertson | Dutch painter | 1855–1922 |
| Paul Robeson | American singer and actor | 1898–1976 |
| Maximilien Robespierre | French revolutionary lawyer a… | 1758–1794 |
| Corey Robin | American academic | 1967 |
| Vicki Robin | American writer | 1945 |
| Arthur H. Robinson | American geographer | 1915–2004 |
| Charles Seymour Robinson | American pastor, editor and c… | 1829–1899 |
| Edward G. Robinson | Romanian American actor | 1893–1973 |
| Edwin Arlington Robinson | American poet | 1869–1935 |
| George Wade Robinson | Irish poet | 1838–1877 |
| Jackie Robinson | American baseball player | 1919–1972 |
| James Harvey Robinson | American historian | 1863–1936 |
| Joan Robinson | English economist | 1903–1983 |
| Ken Robinson | UK writer | 1950 |
| Kim Stanley Robinson | American science fiction writ… | 1952 |
| Lynn A. Robinson | | |
| Marilynne Robinson | American novelist and essayist | 1943 |
| Mary Robinson | Former President of Ireland a… | 1944 |
| Phoebe Robinson | American comedian | 1984 |
| Smokey Robinson | American R&B singer-songwrite… | 1940 |
| Spider Robinson | Canadian author | 1948 |
| Sugar Ray Robinson | American boxer | 1921–1989 |
| Thomas Romney Robinson | | |
| Tommy Robinson | English right-wing activist | 1982 |
| John Elder Robison | American writer | 1957 |
| Bobby Robson | English association football … | 1933–2009 |
| Bryan Robson | English footballer and manager | 1957 |
| Justina Robson | British writer | 1968 |
| Stephen Robson | Bishop of Dunkeld | 1951 |
| Ioan Robu | Roman Catholic archbishop | 1944 |
| Alfredo Rocco | Italian politician and jurist | 1875–1935 |
| Zack de la Rocha | American musician, poet rappe… | 1970 |
| Ludwig von Rochau | German politician | 1810–1873 |
| Boyle Roche | Irish politician | 1736–1807 |
| James Jeffrey Roche | American journalist | 1847–1908 |
| François de La Rochefoucauld | French author of maxims and m… | 1613–1680 |
| John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester | English poet, and peer of the… | 1647–1680 |
| Aesop Rock | American rapper | 1976 |
| Chris Rock | American comedian, actor, scr… | 1965 |
| Angelique Rockas | South African actress and fo… | |
| David Rockefeller | American banker and philanthr… | 1915–2017 |
| John D. Rockefeller | American business magnate and… | 1839–1937 |
| Rudolf Rocker | anarcho-syndicalist writer an… | 1873–1958 |
| Rikki Rockett | American musician | 1961 |
| Gabriel Rockhill | philosopher | 1972 |
| Knute Rockne | American college football pla… | 1888–1931 |
| Johan Rockström | Swedish hydrologist | 1965 |
| George Lincoln Rockwell | American politician, founder … | 1918–1967 |
| Lew Rockwell | American libertarian author a… | 1944 |
| Norman Rockwell | Armatian | 1894–1978 |
| ASAP Rocky | American rapper, singer recor… | 1988 |
| Alexander Rodchenko | Russian artist and photograph… | 1891–1956 |
| Emily Rodda | Australian fiction writer, fo… | 1948 |
| Gene Roddenberry | American television screenwri… | 1921–1991 |
| Andy Roddick | US tennis player | 1982 |
| Jean-Claude Rodet | French academic | 1944 |
| Elliot Rodger | American spree killer | 1991–2014 |
| Bill Rodgers | | |
| John M. Rodgers | American politician | 1928–2012 |
| Richard Rodgers | | |
| Auguste Rodin | French sculptor | 1840–1917 |
| Walter Rodney | Guyanese politician, activist… | 1942–1980 |
| Max Rodrigues | French fencer | |
| Nélson Rodrigues | Brazilian writer and playwrig… | 1912–1980 |
| Alex Rodriguez | American baseball player | 1975 |
| Luis J. Rodriguez | pinto poetry, Chicanismo, and… | 1954 |
| Michelle Rodriguez | American actress, screenwrite… | 1978 |
| Robert Rodriguez | American film director and pr… | 1968 |
| Delcy Rodríguez | Venezuelan politician and law… | 1969 |
