Isaac Newton idézet
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Sir Isaac Newton angol fizikus, matematikus, csillagász, filozófus és alkimista; az újkori történelem egyik kiemelkedő tudósa.

Korszakalkotó műve a Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica , melyben leírja az egyetemes tömegvonzás törvényét, valamint az általa lefektetett axiómák révén megalapozta a klasszikus mechanika tudományát. Ő volt az első, aki megmutatta, hogy az égitestek és a Földön lévő tárgyak mozgását ugyanazon természeti törvények határozzák meg. Matematikai magyarázattal alátámasztotta Kepler bolygómozgási törvényeit, kiegészítve azzal, hogy a különböző égitestek nemcsak elliptikus, de akár hiperbola- vagy parabolapályán is mozoghatnak. Törvényei fontos szerepet játszottak a tudományos forradalomban és a heliocentrikus világkép elterjedésében.

Mindemellett optikai kutatásokat is végzett. Ő fedezte fel azt is, hogy a prizmán megfigyelhető színek valójában az áthaladó fehér fény alkotóelemei, nem pedig a prizma fényt színező hatásának tudható be – ahogy Roger Bacon feltételezte a 13. században –, valamint feltételezte, hogy a fénynek részecske természete van.

Newton, csakúgy, mint Leibniz, az analízis , vagy más néven az infinitezimális kalkulus egyik megalkotója. Nevéhez fűződik a binomiális tétel bizonyítása és tetszőleges komplex kitevőre történő általánosítása. Wikipedia  

✵ 4. január 1643 – 31. március 1727   •   Más nevek Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac Newton fénykép
Isaac Newton: 187   idézetek 24   Kedvelés

Isaac Newton híres idézetei

„Én távolabbra láthattam, de csak azért, mert óriások vállán álltam.”

Levél Robert Hooke-nak (1675. február 5. )

„Platón a barátom — Arisztotelész a barátom — de a legnagyobb barátom az igazság.”
Amicus Plato — amicus Aristoteles — magis amica veritas

Latin jegyzetek, melyeket magának írt: Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae (Bizonyos filozófiai kérdések) címmel (1664)
Eredeti: Amicus Plato — amicus Aristoteles — magis amica veritas

Isaac Newton idézetek

„Én nem alkotok hipotéziseket.”
Hypotheses non fingo.

Principia Mathematica (1687)
A gravitációs elmélet egy fundamentális empirikus törvény, de Newton nem alkotott hipotézist a gravitáció működését illetően.
Eredeti: Hypotheses non fingo.

„… azonos hatásokat ugyanazon okoknak kell tulajdonítani.”

Neki tulajdonított idézetek

„Isten mindent szám, súly és mérték alapján teremtett.”
Numero pondere et mensura Deus omnia condidit.

Neki tulajdonított idézetek

Isaac Newton: Idézetek angolul

“In the beginning of the year 1665 I found the method of approximating Series and the Rule for reducing any dignity of any Binomial into such a series. The same year in May I found the method of tangents of Gregory and Slusius, and in November had the direct method of Fluxions, and the next year in January had the Theory of Colours, and in May following I had entrance into the inverse method of Fluxions. And the same year I began to think of gravity extending to the orb of the Moon, and having found out how to estimate the force with which [a] globe revolving within a sphere presses the surface of the sphere, from Kepler's Rule of the periodical times of the Planets being in a sesquialterate proportion of their distances from the centers of their orbs I deduced that the forces which keep the Planets in their Orbs must [be] reciprocally as the squares of their distances from the centers about which they revolve: and thereby compared the force requisite to keep the Moon in her orb with the force of gravity at the surface of the earth, and found them answer pretty nearly. All this was in the two plague years of 1665 and 1666, for in those days I was in the prime of my age for invention, and minded Mathematicks and Philosophy more than at any time since. What Mr Hugens has published since about centrifugal forces I suppose he had before me. At length in the winter between the years 1676 and 1677 I found the Proposition that by a centrifugal force reciprocally as the square of the distance a Planet must revolve in an Ellipsis about the center of the force placed in the lower umbilicus of the Ellipsis and with a radius drawn to that center describe areas proportional to the times. And in the winter between the years 1683 and 1684 this Proposition with the Demonstration was entered in the Register book of the R. Society. And this is the first instance upon record of any Proposition in the higher Geometry found out by the method in dispute. In the year 1689 Mr Leibnitz, endeavouring to rival me, published a Demonstration of the same Proposition upon another supposition, but his Demonstration proved erroneous for want of skill in the method.”

(ca. 1716) A Catalogue of the Portsmouth Collection of Books and Papers Written by Or Belonging to Sir Isaac Newton https://books.google.com/books?id=3wcjAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR18 (1888) Preface
Also partially quoted in Sir Sidney Lee (ed.), The Dictionary of National Biography Vol.40 http://books.google.com/books?id=NycJAAAAIAAJ (1894)

“In my Judgment no Lines ought to be admitted into plain Geometry besides the right Line and the Circle.”

Isaac Newton könyv Arithmetica Universalis

p, 125
Arithmetica Universalis (1707)

“The predictions of things to come relate to the state of the Church in all ages: and amongst the old Prophets, Daniel is most distinct in order of time, and easiest to be understood: and therefore in those things which relate to the last times, he must be made the key to the rest.”

Vol. I, Ch. 1: Introduction concerning the Compilers of the books of the Old Testament
Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John (1733)
Kontextus: The authority of Emperors, Kings, and Princes, is human. The authority of Councils, Synods, Bishops, and Presbyters, is human. The authority of the Prophets is divine, and comprehends the sum of religion, reckoning Moses and the Apostles among the Prophets; and if an Angel from Heaven preach any other gospel, than what they have delivered, let him be accursed. Their writings contain covenant between God and his people, with instructions for keeping this covenant; instances of God’s judgments upon them that break it: and predictions of things to come. While the people of God keep the covenant they continue to be his people: when they break it they cease to be his people or church, and become the Synagogue of Satan, who say they are Jews and are not. And no power on earth is authorized to alter this covenant.
The predictions of things to come relate to the state of the Church in all ages: and amongst the old Prophets, Daniel is most distinct in order of time, and easiest to be understood: and therefore in those things which relate to the last times, he must be made the key to the rest.

“I have studied these things — you have not.”

Reported as Newton's response, whenever Edmond Halley would say anything disrespectful of religion, by Sir David Brewster in The Life of Sir Isaac Newton (1831). This has often been quoted in recent years as having been a statement specifically defending Astrology. Newton wrote extensively on the importance of Prophecy, and studied Alchemy, but there is little evidence that he took favourable notice of astrology http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/astrology/newton.htm. In a footnote, Brewster attributes the anecdote to the astronomer Nevil Maskelyne who is said to have passed it on to Oxford professor Stephen Peter Rigaud http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=gLcVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301&lpg=PA301&dq=brewster+newton+%22I+have+studied%22&source=bl&ots=dEwk6nHcSa&sig=F2uReuXjRWwL3w647pfaU1PlbC0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fqu5UpzkAvOA7Qap9oGoDQ&ved=0CGoQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=brewster%20newton%20%22I%20have%20studied%22&f=false

“Through algebra you easily arrive at equations, but always to pass therefrom to the elegant constructions and demonstrations which usually result by means of the method of porisms is not so easy, nor is one's ingenuity and power of invention so greatly exercised and refined in this analysis.”

The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton (edited by Whiteside), Volume 7; Volumes 1691-1695 / pg. 261. http://books.google.com.br/books?id=YDEP1XgmknEC&printsec=frontcover
Geometriae (Treatise on Geometry)

“The alternation of motion is ever proportional to the motive force impressed; and is made in the direction of the right line in which that force is impressed.”

Isaac Newton könyv Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

Laws of Motion, II
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)

“Hypotheses non fingo.”

Isaac Newton könyv Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

I frame no hypotheses.

A famous statement in the "General Scholium" of the third edition, indicating his belief that the law of universal gravitation was a fundamental empirical law, and that he proposed no hypotheses on how gravity could propagate.

Variant translation: I feign no hypotheses.

As translated by Alexandre Koyré (1956)

I have not as yet been able to discover the reason for these properties of gravity from phenomena, and I do not feign hypotheses. For whatever is not deduced from the phenomena must be called a hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy. In this philosophy particular propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction.

As translated by I. Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman (1999)
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)

“To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction; or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts.”

Isaac Newton könyv Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

Laws of Motion, III
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)

“Who is a liar, saith John, but he that denyeth that Jesus is the Christ? He is Antichrist that denyeth the Father & the Son. And we are authorized also to call him God: for the name of God is in him.”

Exod. 23.21. And we must believe also that by his incarnation of the Virgin he came in the flesh not in appearance only but really & truly , being in all things made like unto his brethren (Heb. 2 17) for which reason he is called also the son of man.
Drafts on the history of the Church (Section 3). Yahuda Ms. 15.3, National Library of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel. 2006 Online Version at Newton Project http://www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/THEM00220

“The Ellipse is the most simple of the Conic Sections, most known, and nearest of Kin to a Circle, and easiest describ'd by the Hand in plano.”

Isaac Newton könyv Arithmetica Universalis

Though many prefer the Parabola before it, for the Simplicity of the Æquation by which it is express'd. But by this Reason the Parabola ought to be preferr'd before the Circle it self, which it never is. Therefore the reasoning from the Simplicity of the Æquation will not hold. The modern Geometers are too fond of the Speculation of Æquations.
Arithmetica Universalis (1707)

“Is not the Heat of the warm Room convey'd through the Vacuum by the Vibrations of a much subtiler Medium than Air, which after the Air was drawn out remained in the Vacuum?”

Isaac Newton könyv Opticks, or a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light

And is not this Medium the same with that Medium by which Light is refracted and reflected and by whose Vibrations Light communicates Heat to Bodies, and is put into Fits of easy Reflexion and easy Transmission? ...And do not hot Bodies communicate their Heat to contiguous cold ones, by the Vibrations of this Medium propagated from them into the cold ones? And is not this Medium exceedingly more rare and subtile than the Air, and exceedingly more elastick and active? And doth it not readily pervade all Bodies? And is it not (by its elastick force) expanded through all the Heavens?
Query 18
Opticks (1704)

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