Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi citations
Page 8

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , né à Porbandar le 2 octobre 1869 et mort assassiné à Delhi le 30 janvier 1948, est un dirigeant politique, important guide spirituel de l'Inde et du mouvement pour l'indépendance de ce pays. Il est communément connu et appelé en Inde et dans le monde comme le Mahatma Gandhi – « Mahatma » étant toutefois un titre qu'il refusa toute sa vie d'associer à sa personne –, voire simplement Gandhi, Gandhiji ou Bapu .

Il a été un pionnier et un théoricien du satyagraha, de la résistance à l'oppression par la désobéissance civile de masse, cette théorisation était fondée sur l'ahimsa , qui a contribué à conduire l'Inde à l'indépendance. Gandhi a inspiré de nombreux mouvements de libérations et de droits civiques dans le monde et de nombreuses autres personnalités comme Albert Schweitzer, Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Steve Biko, le dalaï lama, Aung San Suu Kyi, Moncef Marzouki et Malala Yousafzai. Ses critiques importantes de la modernité occidentale, des formes d'autorité et d'oppression , lui valurent aussi la réputation de critique du développement dont les idées ont influencé beaucoup de penseurs politiques.

Avocat ayant fait ses études de droit en Angleterre, Gandhi développa, au fil de ses actions pour la dignité humaine et la justice sociale, une méthode de désobéissance civile non-violente en Afrique du Sud, en organisant la lutte de la communauté indienne pour ses droits civiques. À son retour en Inde, Gandhi incita les fermiers et les travailleurs pauvres à protester contre les taxes jugées trop élevées et la discrimination étendue et porta sur la scène nationale la lutte contre les lois coloniales créées par les Britanniques. Devenu le dirigeant du Congrès national indien, Gandhi mena une campagne nationale pour l'aide aux pauvres, pour la libération des femmes indiennes, pour la fraternité entre les communautés de différentes religions ou ethnies, pour une fin de l'intouchabilité et de la discrimination des castes, et pour l'autosuffisance économique de la nation, mais surtout pour le Swaraj — l'indépendance de l'Inde de toute domination étrangère.

Gandhi conduisit la marche du sel, célèbre opposition à la taxe sur le sel. C'est lui qui lança également l'appel au mouvement Quit India le 8 août 1942. Il fut emprisonné plusieurs fois en Afrique du Sud et en Inde pour ses activités ; il passa en tout six ans de sa vie en prison.

Profondément religieux et adepte de la philosophie indienne, Gandhi vivait simplement, organisant un ashram qui était autosuffisant. Il faisait et lavait ses propres vêtements — la traditionnelle dhoti indienne et le châle, avec du coton filé avec un charkha — et était un militant végétarien. Il pratiquait de rigoureux jeûnes sur de longues périodes, pour s'auto-purifier mais aussi comme moyen de protestation, d'influence et de réforme chez autrui.

Gandhi est reconnu comme le Père de la Nation en Inde, où son anniversaire est une fête nationale. Cette date a également été déclarée « Journée internationale de la non-violence » par l'Assemblée générale des Nations unies en 2007.

✵ 2. octobre 1869 – 30. janvier 1948   •   Autres noms Móhandás Karamčand Gándhí
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi photo
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi: 253   citations 0   J'aime

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi citations célèbres

“D'abord ils vous ignorent, ensuite ils vous raillent, puis ils vous combattent et enfin, vous gagnez.”

Cette citation est très souvent attribuée à Gandhi. Toutefois, elle apparaît sous une forme peu différente dans des documents antérieurs.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Citations

“Je voulais mieux connaître la vie de celui (Mahomet) qui aujourd'hui détient indiscutablement les cœurs de millions d'êtres humains. Je suis désormais plus que jamais convaincu que ce n'était pas l'épée qui créait une place pour l'Islam dans le cœur de ceux qui cherchaient une direction à leur vie. C'était cette grande humilité, cet altruisme du prophète, l'égard scrupuleux envers ses engagements, sa dévotion intense à ses amis et adeptes, son intrépidité, son courage, sa confiance absolue en Dieu et en sa propre mission. Ces faits, et non l'épée, lui amenèrent tant de succès, et lui permirent de surmonter les problèmes.”

I wanted to know the best of the life of one who holds today an undisputed sway over the hearts of millions of mankind. I became more than ever convinced that it was not the sword that won a place for Islam in those days in the scheme of life. It was the rigid simplicity, the utter self-effacement of the Prophet the scrupulous regard for pledges, his intense devotion to his friends and followers, his intrepidity, his fearlessness, his absolute trust in God and in his own mission. These and not the sword carried everything before them and surmounted every obstacle.
en
Années 1920

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi: Citations en anglais

“Coercion cannot but result in chaos in the end.”

As quoted in Mahatma, edit., D.G. Tendulkar, Vol. 7 (1945-1947), first edition, New Delhi, India, Publication Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (1953) p. 138 https://www.mkgandhi.org/ebks/Mahatma_Vol7.pdf
1940s

“War criminals are not confined to the Axis powers alone. Roosevelt and Churchill are no less war criminals than Hitler and Mussolini.”

Mahatma Gandhi. Interview given to Ralph Coniston, ‘before April 25, 1945’, reproduced in Collected Works, vol. 79, p. 423. Quoted from Elst, Koenraad (2018). Why I killed the Mahatma: Uncovering Godse's defence. New Delhi : Rupa, 2018.
1940s

“That I address you as a friend is no formality. I own no foes. My business in life has been for the past 33 years to enlist the friendship of the whole of humanity by befriending mankind, irrespective of race, colour or creed. … We have no doubt about your bravery or devotion to your fatherland, nor do we believe that you are the monster described by your opponents… But your own writings and pronouncements and those of your friends and admirers leave no room for doubt that many of your acts are monstrous and unbecoming of human dignity, especially in the estimation of men like me who believe in human friendliness. Such are your humiliation of Czechoslovakia, the rape of Poland and the swallowing of Denmark. I am aware that your view of life regards such spoliations as virtuous acts. But we have been taught from childhood to regard them as acts degrading humanity…Hence we cannot possibly wish success to your arms…. But ours is a unique position. We resist British imperialism no less than Nazism… If there is a difference, it is in degree. One-fifth of the human race has been brought under the British heel by means that will not bear scrutiny… Our resistance to it does not mean harm to the British people. We seek to convert them, not to defeat them on the battle-field… No spoliator can compass his end without a certain degree of co-operation, willing or unwilling, of the victim…. The rulers may have our land and bodies but not our souls…. We know what the British heel means for us and the non-European races of the world. But we would never wish to end the British rule with German aid… We have found in non-violence a force which, if organized, can without doubt match itself against a combination of all the most violent forces in the world… If not the British, some other power will certainly improve upon your method and beat you with your own weapon. You are leaving no legacy to your people of which they would feel proud.”

Letter to Hitler. 24 December 1940. Quoted from Koenraad Elst: Return of the Swastika (2007). (Also in https://web.archive.org/web/20100310135408/http://koenraadelst.bharatvani.org/articles/fascism/gandhihitler.html)
1940s

“It is quite clear that you are today the one person in the world who can prevent a war which may reduce humanity to the savage state. Must you pay that price for an object however worthy it may appear to you to be? Will you listen to the appeal of one who has deliberately shunned the method of war not without considerable success?”

Letter addressed to Hitler. 23 July 1939 (Collected Works, vol. 70, pp. 20–21), Quoted from Koenraad Elst: Return of the Swastika (2007). (Also in https://web.archive.org/web/20100310135408/http://koenraadelst.bharatvani.org/articles/fascism/gandhihitler.html)
1930s

“My sympathies are all with the Jews. I have known them intimately in South Africa. Some of them became life-long companions. Through these friends I came to learn much of their age-long persecution. They have been the untouchables of Christianity. The parallel between their treatment by Christians and the treatment of untouchables by Hindus is very close. Religious sanction has been invoked in both cases for the justification of the inhuman treatment meted out to them. Apart from the friendships, therefore, there is the more common universal reason for my sympathy for the Jews…. If I were a Jew and were born in Germany and earned my livelihood there, I would claim Germany as my home even as the tallest gentile German may, and challenge him to shoot me or cast me in the dungeon; I would refuse to be expelled or to submit to discriminating treatment. And for doing this, I should not wait for the fellow Jews to join me in civil resistance but would have confidence that in the end the rest are bound to follow my example. If one Jew or all the Jews were to accept the prescription here offered, he or they cannot be worse off than now. And suffering voluntarily undergone will bring them an inner strength and joy which no number of resolutions of sympathy passed in the world outside Germany can. Indeed, even if Britain, France and America were to declare hostilities against Germany, they can bring no inner joy, no inner strength. The calculated violence of Hitler may even result in a general massacre of the Jews by way of his first answer to the declaration of such hostilities. But if the Jewish mind could be prepared for voluntary suffering, even the massacre I have imagined could be turned into a day of thanksgiving and joy that Jehovah had wrought deliverance of the race even at the hands of the tyrant. For to the godfearing, death has no terror. It is a joyful sleep to be followed by a waking that would be all the more refreshing for the long sleep.”

Mahatma Gandhi, Harijan, 26 November 1938. Quoted from Hinduism and Judaism compilation https://web.archive.org/web/20060423090103/http://www.nhsf.org.uk/images/stories/HinduDharma/Interfaith/hinduzion.pdf
1930s

“My implicit faith in nonviolence does mean yielding to minorities when they are really weak. The best way to weaken communalists is to yield to them. Resistance will only rouse their suspicion and strengthen their opposition.”

Mahatma Gandhi, Young India, 2 July 1931. Quoted from Hinduism and Judaism compilation https://web.archive.org/web/20060423090103/http://www.nhsf.org.uk/images/stories/HinduDharma/Interfaith/hinduzion.pdf
1930s

“It would be a great things, a brave thing, for the Hindus to achieve act of self-denial.”

Mahatma Gandhi, Young India, 12 March 1931. Quoted from Hinduism and Judaism compilation https://web.archive.org/web/20060423090103/http://www.nhsf.org.uk/images/stories/HinduDharma/Interfaith/hinduzion.pdf
1930s

“Our sages have taught us to learn one thing; `As in the Self, so in the Universe.”

It is not possible to scan the universe as it is to scan the self. Know the self and you know the universe.
Young India (8 April 1926)
1920s

“Non-cooperation with evil is as much a duty as is cooperation with good.”

Written statement https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015027778375;view=1up;seq=43 in trial for sedition, March 1922
1920s

“The Jews cannot receive sovereign rights in a place which has been held for centuries by Muslim powers by right of religious conquest. The Muslim soldiers did not shed their blood in the late War for the purpose of surrendering Palestine out of Muslim control.”

Mahatma Gandhi, Young India, 6 April 1921. Quoted from Hinduism and Judaism compilation https://web.archive.org/web/20060423090103/http://www.nhsf.org.uk/images/stories/HinduDharma/Interfaith/hinduzion.pdf
1920s

“The police... should never go on strike. Theirs was an essential service and they should render that service, irrespective of their pay. There were several other effective and honourable means of getting grievances redressed.”

In response to representatives of policemen who met him during a police strike in Gaya on March 24, 1947, https://web.archive.org/web/20210807112446/https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/no-fundamental-right-to-strike/article35732405.ece
Posthumous publications (1950s and later)

“I like your Christ. I do not like your Christians. Your Christians are so unlike your Christ. The materialism of affluent Christian countries appears to contradict the claims of Jesus Christ that says it's not possible to worship both Mammon and God at the same time.”

As quoted by William Rees-Mogg in The Times [London] (4 April 2005) {not found}. Gandhi here makes reference to a statement of Jesus: “No servant can serve two masters; for either he will hate the one and love the other, or else he will be loyal to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon." (Luke 16:13); also partly quoted in Christianity in the Crosshairs: Real Life Solutions Discovered in the Line of Fire (2004, p. 74 books.google http://books.google.de/books?id=I7_5OM2VWuMC&pg=PA74) by Bill Wilson.
A variation is found in Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal & Gandhi Research Foundation's website mkgandhi.org http://www.mkgandhi.org/africaneedsgandhi/gandhi's_message_to_christians.htm. Christian missionary E. Stanley Jones, who spent much time with Gandhi in India, is said to have askedː “Mr Gandhi, though you quote the words of Christ often, why is it that you appear to so adamantly reject becoming his follower?". To this, Gandhi is said to have repliedː “Oh, I don’t reject your Christ. I love your Christ. It is just that so many of you Christians are so unlike your Christ”. Jones would write a book called " Mahatma Gandhi: An Interpretation https://archive.org/details/mahatmagandhiani000019mbp" (1948), where he included excerpts of his personal correspondance with Gandhi, but he did not include this conversation.
No further sources for Gandhi have been yet found; but a similar quote is attributed to Bara Dadaː "Jesus is ideal and wonderful, but you Christians -- you are not like him." Source - Jones, E. Stanley. The Christ of the Indian Road, New York: The Abingdon Press,1925. (Page 114)
Disputed

Auteurs similaires

Mère Teresa photo
Mère Teresa 17
religieuse et missionnaire catholique indienne d'origine al…
Simone Weil photo
Simone Weil 77
philosophe française
Amartya Sen photo
Amartya Sen 2
économiste indien
Tenzin Gyatso photo
Tenzin Gyatso 6
Quatorzième dalaï-lama, leader spirituel tibétain des gelug…
Vladimir Poutine photo
Vladimir Poutine 13
personnalité politique russe
Mario Vargas Llosa photo
Mario Vargas Llosa 14
écrivain péruvien et espagnol, auteur de romans et d'essais…
Edith Stein photo
Edith Stein 20
carmélite allemande d'origine juive, mystique, morte à Ausc…
Hannah Arendt photo
Hannah Arendt 27
philosophe américaine d'origine allemande
Eleanor Roosevelt photo
Eleanor Roosevelt 16
personnalité politique américaine
Maya Angelou photo
Maya Angelou 4
poétesse, actrice et militante américaine