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Steven Weinberg – amerykański fizyk teoretyk, laureat Nagrody Nobla. Jest najbardziej znany ze swej teorii unifikującej dwa oddziaływania: słabe i elektromagnetyczne.

W 1973 roku tzw. „elektrosłaba teoria” Weinberga została potwierdzona doświadczalnie w akceleratorach cząstek

W roku 1979 otrzymał, wraz z Sheldonem Lee Glashowem i Abdusem Salamem, Nagrodę Nobla w dziedzinie fizyki za prace nad jednolitą teorią wzajemnego słabego i elektromagnetycznego oddziaływania cząstek elementarnych.

Autor książek popularnonaukowych:

The First Three Minutes: A Modern View of the Origin of the Universe

wyd. polskie: Pierwsze trzy minuty, ISBN 83-7180-609-4.



Dreams of a Final Theory: The Scientist's Search for the Ultimate Laws of Nature

wyd. polskie: Sen o teorii ostatecznej, ISBN 83-85784-27-6.





== Przypisy ==

✵ 3. Maj 1933
Steven Weinberg Fotografia
Steven Weinberg: 53   Cytaty 2   Polubienia

Steven Weinberg słynne cytaty

„Wysiłek położony na drodze do zrozumienia wszechświata to jedna z niewielu rzeczy, która wynosi życie ludzkie ponad stadium farsy i dodaje mu pewnej godności tragedii.”

Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Olga Andriejewa, W głowach uczonych, „Russkij Rieportior”, tłum. „Forum”, 27 września 2010.

„Religia jest obrazą ludzkiej godności.”

Steven Weinberg

„Z religią czy bez, dobrzy ludzie będą postępować dobrze, a źli – źle, ale złe postępowanie dobrych ludzi, to zasługa religii.”

Steven Weinberg

„Jakie to byłoby niezwykłe, gdyby teoria ostateczna została sformułowana jeszcze za naszego życia! Odkrycie ostatecznych praw natury będzie największym skokiem w historii ludzkiego intelektu od narodzin współczesnej nauki w XVII wieku. Czy potrafimy sobie wyobrazić, co się wówczas stanie?”

Steven Weinberg

Steven Weinberg: Cytaty po angielsku

“Finally, learn something about the history of science, or at a minimum the history of your own branch of science. The least important reason for this is that the history may actually be of some use to you in your own scientific work.”

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Steven Weinberg Scientist: Four golden lessons

Scientist: Four golden lessons (2003)

“One of the things that excited me so much about quantum chromodynamics after the work of Gross and Wilczek and Politzer was that it seemed to provide a rational explanation for what had always been mysterious to me — the fact that there were symmetries, like parity conservation, charge conjugation invariance, and strangeness conservation, that were very good symmetries of the strong and electromagnetic interactions — as far as we knew exact — and yet were not respected by the weak interactions. Why should nature have … symmetries that are symmetries of part of nature but not other parts of nature?”

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Steven Weinberg

"Reminiscences of the Standard Model" - Special Colloquium by Steven Weinberg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX2R8-nJhLQ, 17 October 2017, YouTube video at 1:02:17 of 1:39:24

“Heisenberg’s starting point was the philosophical judgment, that a physical theory should not concern itself with things like electron orbits in atoms that can never be observed. This is a risky assumption, but in this case it served Heisenberg well.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 1: Historical Introduction

“In this derivation Bohr had relied on the old idea of classical radiation theory, that the frequencies of spectral lines should agree with the frequency of the electron’s orbital motion, but he had assumed this only for the largest orbits, with large n. The light frequencies he calculated for transitions between lower states, such as n=2 → n=1, did not at all agree with the orbital frequency of the initial or final state. So Bohr’s work represented another large step away from classical physics.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 1: Historical Introduction

“Planck’s quantization assumption applied to the matter that emits and absorbs radiation, not to radiation itself. As George Gamow later remarked, Planck thought that radiation was like butter; butter itself comes in any quantity, but it can be bought and sold only in multiples of one quarter pound. It was Albert Einstein (1879–1955) who in 1905 proposed that the energy of radiation of frequency ν was itself an integer multiple of hν.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 1: Historical Introduction

“Perhaps the most important immediate consequence of Planck’s work was to provide long-sought values for atomic constants.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 1: Historical Introduction

“The principles of quantum mechanics are so contrary to ordinary intuition that they can best be motivated by taking a look at their prehistory.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 1: Historical Introduction

“The development of quantum mechanics in the 1920s was the greatest advance in physical science since the work of Isaac Newton. It was not easy; the ideas of quantum mechanics present a profound departure from ordinary human intuition. Quantum mechanics has won acceptance through its success. It is essential to modern atomic, molecular, nuclear, and elementary particle physics, and to a great deal of chemistry and condensed matter physics as well.”

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Steven Weinberg

Preface
Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015)

“The last thirty years of Einstein's life were largely devoted to a search for a so-called unified field theory that would unify James Clerk Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism with the general theory of relativity, Einstein's theory of gravitation. Einstein's attempt was not successful, and with hindsight we can now see that it was misconceived. Not only did Einstein reject quantum mechanics; the scope of his effort was too narrow. … Nevertheless Einstein's struggle is our struggle today. It is the search for a final theory.”

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Steven Weinberg

page 18, 2nd edition https://books.google.com/books?id=Qd0MEtsBr7oC&pg=PA18
Dreams of a Final Theory (1992; 2nd edition 1994)

“It is with Isaac Newton that the modern dream of a final theory really begins.”

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Steven Weinberg

page 11, 2nd edition https://books.google.com/books?id=Qd0MEtsBr7oC&pg=PA11
Dreams of a Final Theory (1992; 2nd edition 1994)

“The years since the mid-1970s have been the most frustrating in the history of particle physics. We are paying the price of our own success: theory has advanced so far that further progress will require the study of processes at energies far beyond the reach of existing facilities. In order to break our of this impasse, physicists began in 1982 to develop plans for a scientific project of unprecedented size and cost, known as the Superconducting Super Collider.”

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Steven Weinberg

page 4, 2nd edition https://books.google.com/books?id=Qd0MEtsBr7oC&pg=PA4
Dreams of a Final Theory (1992; 2nd edition 1994)

“There’s something I’ve been working on for more than a year — maybe it’s just an old man’s obsession, but I’m trying to find an approach to quantum mechanics that makes more sense than existing approaches. I’ve just finished editing the second edition of my book, Lectures on Quantum Mechanics, in which I think I strengthen the argument that none of the existing interpretations of quantum mechanics are entirely satisfactory.”

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Steven Weinberg

Steven Weinberg, in " Science’s Path From Myth to Multiverse https://www.quantamagazine.org/20150317-sciences-path-from-myth-to-multiverse/" by Dan Falk (March 17, 2015)

“My own conclusion is that today there is no interpretation of quantum mechanics that does not have serious flaws. This view is not universally shared. Indeed, many physicists are satisfied with their own interpretation of quantum mechanics. But different physicists are satisfied with different interpretations. In my view, we ought to take seriously the possibility of finding some more satisfactory other theory, to which quantum mechanics is only a good approximation.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 3: General Principles of Quantum Mechanics

“To start, we will consider a single particle moving in three space dimensions under the influence of a general central potential. Later we will specialize to the case of a Coulomb potential, and work out the spectrum of hydrogen. One other classic problem, the harmonic oscillator, will be treated at the end of this chapter.”

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Steven Weinberg

Źródło: Lectures on Quantum Mechanics (2012, 2nd ed. 2015), Ch. 2: Particle States in a Central Potential

“The best military historians in fact do recognize the difficulty in stating rules of generalship. They do not speak of a science of war, but rather of a pattern of military behavior that cannot be taught or stated precisely but that somehow or other sometimes helps in winning battles. This is called the art of war. In the same spirit I think that one should not hope for a science of science, the formulation of any definite rules about how scientists do or ought to behave, but only aim at a description of the sort of behavior that historically has led to scientific progress—an art of science.”

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Steven Weinberg

Chap. 5 : Tales of Theory and Experiment
Dreams of a Final Theory (1992; 2nd edition 1994)

“It is almost irresistible for humans to believe that we have some special relation to the universe, that human life is not just a more-or-less farcical outcome of a chain of accidents reaching back to the first three minutes, but that we were somehow built in from the beginning. … It is very hard to realise that this is all just a tiny part of an overwhelmingly hostile universe. It is even harder to realise that this present universe has evolved from an unspeakably unfamiliar early condition, and faces a future extinction of endless cold or intolerable heat. The more the universe seems comprehensible, the more it also seems pointless.”

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Steven Weinberg

(1993), Epilogue, p. 154
The First Three Minutes (1977; second edition 1993)

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