“The great obstacle to discovering the shape of the earth, the continents, and the oceans was not ignorance, but the illusion of knowledge.”

The Discoverers: A History of Man's Search to Know His World and Himself, Random House, 1983, p. 86.

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Daniel J. Boorstin photo
Daniel J. Boorstin 39
American historian 1914–2004

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Daniel J. Boorstin photo

“The history of Western science confirms the aphorism that the great menace to progress is not ignorance but the illusion of knowledge.”

Daniel J. Boorstin (1914–2004) American historian

This "aphorism" was expressed in different forms by Josh Billings and Socrates. note: Often misquoted as, "The greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it is the illusion of knowledge," and often misattributed to Stephen Hawking.
Source: Cleopatra's Nose: Essays on the Unexpected (1995).

Stephen Hawking photo

“The greatest enemy of knowledge is not ignorance. It is the illusion of knowledge.”

Stephen Hawking (1942–2018) British theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author

Sometimes attributed to Hawking without a source, but originally from historian Daniel J. Boorstin. It appears in different forms in The Discoverers (1983), Cleopatra's Nose (1995), and introduction to The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1995)
Misattributed

Louis Althusser photo
Isaac Bashevis Singer photo

“Our knowledge is a little island in a great ocean of nonknowledge.”

Isaac Bashevis Singer (1902–1991) Polish-born Jewish-American author

The New York Times (3 December 1978)

Saul Bellow photo

“A great deal of intelligence can be invested in ignorance when the need for illusion is deep.”

Saul Bellow (1915–2005) Canadian-born American writer

Compare: It’s a point so blindingly obvious that only an extraordinarily clever and sophisticated person could fail to grasp it.
John Bercow, 2016.
General sources
Variant: There is no limit to the amount of intelligence invested in ignorance when the need for illusion runs deep.
Source: To Jerusalem and Back: A Personal Account (1976), p. 127

Benjamin Disraeli photo

“To be conscious that you are ignorant is a great step to knowledge.”

Benjamin Disraeli (1804–1881) British Conservative politician, writer, aristocrat and Prime Minister

Book 1, chapter 5.
Books, Coningsby (1844), Sybil (1845)
Variant: To be conscious that you are ignorant is a great step to knowledge.

“We cannot overcome obstacles with ignorance.”

Stephen Jay Gould (1941–2002) American evolutionary biologist

Source: Full House (1996), Chapter 4, “Case One: A Personal Story” (p. 46)

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