“Is Knowledge knowable? If not, how do we know?”

— Woody Allen

Source: The Insanity Defense: The Complete Prose

Last update June 3, 2021. History

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Woody Allen 229

American screenwriter, director, actor, comedian, author, p… 1935

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“The premisses of demonstrative knowledge must be true, primary, immediate, more knowable than and prior to the conclusion, which is further related to them as effect to cause… The premisses must be the cause of the conclusion, more knowable than it, and prior to it; its causes, since we posses scientific knowledge of a thing only when we know its cause; prior, in order to be causes; antecedently known, this antecedent knowledge being not our mere understanding of the meaning, but knowledge of the fact as well. Now 'prior' and 'more knowable' are ambiguous terms, for there is a difference between what is prior and more knowable in the order of being and what is prior and knowable to man. I mean that objects nearer to sense are prior and more knowable to man; objects without qualification prior and more knowable are those further from sense. Now the most universal causes are furthest from sense and particular causes are nearest to sense, and they are thus exactly opposed to each other.”

Aristotle book Posterior Analytics

I. 2, 71b.9 sqq
Posterior Analytics

“The natural way of doing this [seeking scientific knowledge or explanation of fact] is to start from the things which are more knowable and obvious to us and proceed towards those which are clearer and more knowable by nature; for the same things are not 'knowable relatively to us' and 'knowable' without qualification. So in the present inquiry we must follow this method and advance from what is more obscure by nature, but clearer to us, towards what is more clear and more knowable by nature. Now what is to us plain and obvious at first is rather confused masses, the elements and principles of which became known to us by later analysis…”

Aristotle book Physics

A.1, 184a.16 sqq, source: http://classics.mit.edu//Aristotle/physics.html, Book I, Part 1, Tr. R. P. Hardie, R. K. Gaye.
Physics

“To know that we know what we know, and that we do not know what we do not know, that is true knowledge.”

Confucius (-551–-479 BC) Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher

As quoted in Walden (1854) by Henry David Thoreau, Ch. 1
Attributed

“To know that we know what we know, and that we do not know what we do not know, that is true knowledge.”

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) Renaissance mathematician, Polish astronomer, physician

Confucius, as quoted in Walden (1854) by Henry David Thoreau, Ch. 1
Misattributed

“Confucius said, "To know that we know what we know, and that we do not know what we do not know, that is true knowledge.”

Henry David Thoreau book Walden ou la vie dans les bois

Source: Walden

“Knowledge rooted in experience shapes what we value and as a consequence how we know what we know as well as how we use what we know.”

Bell Hooks (1952) American author, feminist, and social activist

Source: Teaching Critical Thinking: Practical Wisdom

“To know how much there is that we do not know, is one of the most valuable parts of our attainments; for such knowledge becomes both a lesson of humility and a stimulus to exertion.”

Horace Mann (1796–1859) American politician

Lecture 6
Lectures on Education (1855)
Context: The most ignorant are the most conceited. Unless a man knows that there is something more to be known, his inference is, of course, that he knows every thing. Such a man always usurps the throne of universal knowledge, and assumes the right of deciding all possible questions. We all know that a conceited dunce will decide questions extemporaneous which would puzzle a college of philosophers, or a bench of judges. Ignorant and shallow-minded men do not see far enough to see the difficulty. But let a man know that there are things to be known, of which he is ignorant, and it is so much carved out of his domain of universal knowledge. And for all purposes of individual character, as well as of social usefulness, it is quite as important for a man to know the extent of his own ignorance as it is to know any thing else. To know how much there is that we do not know, is one of the most valuable parts of our attainments; for such knowledge becomes both a lesson of humility and a stimulus to exertion.

“Conjunction is that which brings about the recognition of the natures of the power of owning and the capacity of being owned. The Purusa is the owner. The knowable’ is whatever is owned. The former is conjoined to the latter for the purpose of knowing. The cognition of the knowable which follows from that conjunction is enjoyment. The knowledge, however, of the nature of knower is emancipation. Conjunction therefore ends when it has caused knowledge. Knowledge, is therefore, called the cause of separation. Knowledge is the contradictory of ignorance. Therefore, ignorance is, therefore, is said to be the reason for conjunction. Her knowledge is not the cause of freedom (Moksa); because the absence of Ignorance itself, meaning as does the absence of bondage, is freedom (Moksa)…”

Vyasa central and revered figure in most Hindu traditions

In p. 144.
Sources, The Yoga Darsana Of Patanjali With The Sankhya Pravacana Commentary Of Vyasa

“Science is the knowledge of Consequences, and dependence of one fact upon another: by which, out of that we can presently do, we know how to do something else when we will, or the like, another time:”

Thomas Hobbes book Leviathan

The First Part, Chapter 5, p. 21
Leviathan (1651)

“The true test of intelligence is not how much we know how to do, but how we behave when we don't know what to do”

John Holt book How Children Fail

How Children Fail (1964).

“Is Knowledge knowable? If not, how do we know?”

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