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                                        "Runaround" in Astounding Science Fiction (March 1942); later published in  I, Robot (1950) 
The Three Laws of Robotics (1942) 
Variant: A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
                                    
 
        
     
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                            