Ernst Nolte cytaty

Ernst Nolte – niemiecki historyk, badacz dwudziestowiecznych totalitaryzmów. Był profesorem i wykładowcą na Freie Universität w Berlinie.

Jego najbardziej znaną książką jest Faschismus in seiner Epoche , w której przeprowadził analizę związków między włoskim faszyzmem, przedwojenną francuską skrajną prawicą i narodowym socjalizmem.

W latach 1986–1987 między historykami toczył się spór, wywołany przez jego twierdzenia o hitleryzmie jako obronnej reakcji na komunizm. Kontrowersje wywołały również jego późniejsze opinie dotyczące holocaustu .

Kwestia korzeni dwudziestowiecznych totalitaryzmów stała się także przedmiotem jego sporu z francuskim historykiem François Furetem. Wikipedia

✵ 11. Styczeń 1923 – 18. Sierpień 2016

Ernst Nolte: 8 cytatów0 Polubień

Ernst Nolte: Cytaty po angielsku

“Otto Strasser’s socialism was much more durable and much more carefully thought out. No doubt Marx would have called him a petit-bourgeois socialist. In his best-known publication on his program he spoke of a Reich corporative chamber and the guilds, of hereditary fiefs and the reagrarianization of Germany. Strasser called for autarky and domestic currency, the war of revolution against Versailles, and a military aristocracy. But there was more than mere demagogy in his demands for splitting up of large estates, for profit participation, for a people’s state of Germanic democracy. On the whole it was a genuinely socialist program, at least to the extent to which it was imbued with the emotional appeal of the expansion and attainment of freedom.”

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Źródło: Three Faces of Fascism: Action Française, Italian Fascism, National Socialism (1965), p. 336

“The most personal and intense instance of Mussolini’s coming to grips with Marxism is his confrontation with Lenin and the Bolshevik revolution. During his stay in Switzerland, Mussolini had had contact, if not with Lenin himself, with men around him; he had read some of Lenin’s writings; Angelica Balabanov, Mussolini’s former tutor, was now with Lenin in Russia… But it is typical of Mussolini’s prevailing interests of the moment that, like his dialogue with Marxism, even the duel with Lenin appears at first as merely one further aspect of the struggle against Germany.”

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Źródło: Three Faces of Fascism: Action Française, Italian Fascism, National Socialism (1965), p. 176

“National Socialism could not be deduced exclusively from a reaction to the Bolshevik movement, that on the contrary there existed, even before the war, a brutal German nationalism, and that explicit intentions of extermination of the Jews were even expressed in the program of one party.”

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Źródło: Fascism & Communism (2004), p. 27

“Fascism is anti-Marxism which seeks to destroy the enemy by the evolvement of a radically opposed and yet related ideology and by the use of almost identical and yet typically modified methods, always, however within the unyielding framework of national self-assertion and autonomy. This definition implies that without Marxism there is no fascism, that fascism is at the same time closer to and further from communism than is liberal anti-communism, that it necessarily shows at least an inclination toward a radical ideology, that fascism should never be said to exist in the absence of at least the rudiments of an organization and propaganda comparable to those of Marxism.”

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Źródło: Three Faces of Fascism: Action Française, Italian Fascism, National Socialism (1965), pp. 20–21

“Auschwitz was contained in the principles of Nazi racist theory like the seed in the fruit.”

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As quoted in Rethinking the Holocaust, Yehuda Bauer, New Haven: Yale University Press (2001) p. 104

“I am still sometimes surprised by the contemporary Left’s show of aggressivity, and I can’t even think about it without finding something ridiculous in it. It is really so difficult to note that an internal necessity pushes us toward the historico-genetic conception of the theory of totalitarianism if we subscribe to the basic points of the Marxist interpretation of the twentieth century without accepting the claim of Marxism, and thus of communism, of having the market on absolute truth?”

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Źródło: Fascism & Communism (2004), p. 24

“Those who desire to envision history not as a mythologem but rather in its essential context are forced to a central conclusion: If history, in all its darkness and its horrors, but also in its confusing novelty, is to have meaning for coming generations, this meaning must be the liberation from collectivist thinking.”

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Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung article entitled “Die Vergangenheit, die nicht vergehen will” (“The past that will not pass: A speech that could be written but not delivered”), (June 6, 1986), Reprinted in Forever in the Shadow of Hitler? Translated by James Knowlton and Truett Cates, New Jersey: Humanities Press, (1993), pp. 22.

“The negative vitality of a historical phenomenon represents a great danger for the discipline of history. A permanent negative or positive image necessarily has the character of a myth, which is an actualized form of a legend. This is true because a myth like this can be made to found or support an ideology of state …”

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“Historical Legend and Revisionism?” 1980 lecture, reprinted in Forever in the Shadow of Hitler? New Jersey: Humanities Press, (1993), pp. 3-4.

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