“Our interest's on the dangerous edge of things.
The honest thief, the tender murderer,
The superstitious atheist.”

Virgidemarium (1598) IV.

p. 44 http://books.google.com/books?id=W6bPGIL-_-8C&pg=PA44&dq=%22On+second+thought,+maybe+the+atheist%22: Sometimes misattributed to Francis Thompson, whose quote "An atheist is a man who believes himself an accident" Peter was commenting on.
Peter's Quotations: Ideas for Our Time (1977)

Source: Black Easter (1968), Chapter 12 (p. 110)

Source: Utopia (1516), Ch. 1 : Discourses of Raphael Hythloday, of the Best State of a Commonwealth
Context: I think putting thieves to death is not lawful; and it is plain and obvious that it is absurd and of ill consequence to the commonwealth that a thief and a murderer should be equally punished; for if a robber sees that his danger is the same if he is convicted of theft as if he were guilty of murder, this will naturally incite him to kill the person whom otherwise he would only have robbed; since, if the punishment is the same, there is more security, and less danger of discovery, when he that can best make it is put out of the way; so that terrifying thieves too much provokes them to cruelty.

Source: The Godfather

1790s, Letter to Revd. Dr. Trusler (1799)

Chi ruba un corno, un cavallo, un anello,
E simil cose, ha qualche discrezione,
potrebbe chiarnarsi ladroncello;
Ma quel che ruba la riputazione,
E de l'altrui fatiche si fa bello,
Si puo chiamare assassino e ladrone.
LI, 1
Rifacimento of Orlando Innamorato