Léon Tolstoï citations (505 citations, Page 3)

Léon Tolstoï: 505 citations 0 J'aime

Léon Tolstoï citations célèbres

“Tout le mal vient de ce que les hommes croient que certaines situations existent où l’on peut agir sans amour envers les hommes, tandis que de telles situations n’existent pas. Envers les choses, on peut agir sans amour : on peut, sans amour, fendre le bois, battre le fer, cuire des briques; mais dans les rapports d’homme à homme l’amour est aussi indispensable que l’est par exemple la prudence dans les rapports de l’homme avec les abeilles. La nature le veut ainsi, c’est une nécessité de l’ordre des choses. Si l’on voulait laisser de côté la prudence quand on a affaire aux abeilles, on nuirait aux abeilles et on se nuirait à soi-même. Et pareillement il n’y a pas à songer à laisser de côté l’amour quand on a affaire aux hommes. Et cela n’est que juste, car l’amour réciproque entre hommes est l’unique fondement possible de la vie de l’humanité. Sans doute un homme ne peut pas se contraindre à aimer, comme il peut se contraindre à travailler; mais de là ne résulte point que quelqu’un puisse agir envers les hommes sans amour, surtout si lui-même a besoin des autres hommes. L’homme qui ne se sent pas d’amour pour les autres hommes, qu’un tel homme s’occupe de soi, de choses inanimées, de tout ce qui lui plaira, excepté des hommes! De même que l’on se saurait manger sans dommage et avec profit que si l’on éprouve le désir de manger, de même on ne peut agir envers les hommes sans dommage et avec profit si l’on ne commence point par aimer les hommes.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“Terrible, se dit-il, cette persistance de la bête dans l’homme! Mais quand elle est à découvert, et que tu la reconnais pour ce qu’elle est, tu restes le même que tu étais avant, soit que tu y cèdes ou que tu y résistes; tandis que quand cette animalité se cache sous des dehors soi-disant poétiques, quand, au lieu de t’apparaître dans sa bassesse, elle prétend t’inspirer du respect, c’en est fait de toi tout entier! La bête, en toi, supprime l’homme, et tu cesses de pouvoir distinguer le bien du mal. Voila ce qui est plus affreux que tout le reste!”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“En Nekhludov, comme en tout homme, il y avait deux hommes. Il y avait l’homme moral, disposé à ne chercher son bien que dans le bien des autres; et il y avait l'homme animal, ne cherchant que son bien individuel et prêt à sacrifier pour lui le bien du monde entier.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“Jamais le Christ n’aurait prononcé ces paroles s’il avait su le mauvais usage qu’on en ferait ; c’est tout ce qu’on a retenu de l’Évangile.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenine

“Il ne faut jamais rien outrer.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenina
Variante: Il ne faut jamais rien outrer: One should never overdo

“L’homme a conscience d’être un Dieu et il a raison parce que Dieu est en lui. Il a conscience d’être un cochon et il a également raison parce que le cochon est en lui. Mais il se trompe lorsqu’il prend le cochon pour un Dieu.”

Léon Tolstoï

Citations sur les hommes et les garçons de Léon Tolstoï

“Au lieu des haines nationales qu'on nous inspire sous le couvert du patriotisme, il faut enseigner aux enfants l'horreur et le mépris de la carrière militaire, qui sert à diviser les hommes, il faut leur enseigner à considérer comme un signe de sauvagerie la division des hommes en États, la diversité des lois et des frontières; que massacrer des étrangers inconnus sans le moindre prétexte est le plus horrible des forfaits dont est capable l'homme tombé au dernier degré de la bête.”

Léon Tolstoï

“Le vicomte avait un joli minois, les traits mous et les manières d'un jeune homme se considérant nettement comme une célébrité, mais qui, de par sa bonne éducation, offrait humblement à la société où il se trouvait l'opportunité de profiter de sa personne. À l'évidence, Anna Pavlova en régalait ses invités. Tel un maître d'hôtel qui présente comme un met sublime un morceau de bœuf qu'on n'aurait pas envie de manger si on le voyait dans une cuisine malpropre, Anna Pavlova servait le vicomte à ses hôtes, comme une chose empreinte d'un raffinement surnaturel, tandis que les messieurs qui logeaient dans le même hôtel que lui et qui jouaient tous les jours au billard en sa compagnie ne voyaient sa personne qu'un grand maître de la carambole et ne sentaient pas particulièrement heureux de fréquenter le vicomte ni de lui parler. […] le vicomte fut servi à toute la compagnie sous l'éclairage le plus élégant et le plus avantageux pour lui, tel un rosbif parsemé de persil et posé sur un plat chaud.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Guerre et Paix

Виконт был миловидный, с мягкими чертами и приемами, молодой человек, очевидно считавший себя знаменитостью, но, по благовоспитанности, скромно предоставлявший пользоваться собой тому обществу, в котором он находился. Анна Павловна, очевидно, угощала им своих гостей. Как хороший метрд`отель подает как нечто сверхъестественно-прекрасное тот кусок говядины, который есть не захочется, если увидать его в грязной кухне, так в нынешний вечер Анна Павловна сервировала своим гостям сначала виконта, потом аббата, как что-то сверхъестественно утонченное. [...] виконт был подан обществу в самом изящном и выгодном для него свете, как ростбиф на горячем блюде, посыпанный зеленью.
ru
Guerre et Paix, 1865 - 1869

“Dans l’amour entre l’homme et la femme, il y a toujours une minute où cet amour atteint son plus haut degré, où il n’a plus rien de réfléchi ni rien de sensuel, où il est l’entière union de deux êtres en un seul.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“(…) de même que, en temps de guerre, officiers et soldats se sentent autorisés par l’opinion générale à commettre des actes qui, en temps de paix, sont tenus pour criminels, de même les révolutionnaires, dans leur lutte, se regardaient comme couverts par l’opinion de leur cercle, en vertu de laquelle les actes de cruauté qu’ils commettaient étaient nobles et moraux, étant commis par eux au prix de leur liberté, de leur vie, de tout ce qui est cher à la plupart des hommes. Ainsi s’expliquait, (…) que des personnes excellentes, incapables non seulement de causer une souffrance, mais même d’en supporter la vue, pussent se préparer tranquillement à la violence et au meurtre, et professer la sainteté de tels actes, considérés comme moyens de défense, ou encore comme instrument utile à la réalisation d’un idéal de bonheur pour l’humanité.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“Un des préjugés les plus enracinés et les plus répandus consiste à croire que tout homme a en propre certaines qualités définies, qu’il est bon ou méchant, intelligent ou sot, énergique ou apathique, et ainsi de suite. Rien de tel, en réalité. Nous pouvons dire d’un homme qu’il est plus souvent bon que méchant, plus souvent intelligent que sot, plus souvent énergique qu’apathique, ou inversement : mais dire d’un homme, comme nous le faisons tous les jours, qu’il est bon ou intelligent, d’un autre qu’il est méchant ou sot, c’est méconnaître le vrai caractère de la nature humaine. Les hommes sont pareils aux rivières qui, toutes, sont faites de la même eau, mais dont chacune est tantôt large, tantôt resserrée, tantôt lente et tantôt rapide, tantôt tiède et tantôt glacée. Les hommes, eux aussi, portent en eux le germe de toutes les qualités humaines, et tantôt ils en manifestent une, tantôt une autre, se montrant souvent différents d’eux-mêmes, c’est-à-dire de ce qu’ils ont l’habitude de paraître. Mais chez certains hommes ces changements sont plus rares, et mettent plus de temps à se préparer, tandis que chez d’autres ils sont plus rapides et se succèdent avec plus de fréquence.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

ru
Résurrection, 1899

“Tous les hommes vivent et agissent en partie d’après leurs propres idées, en partie d’après les idées d’autrui. Et une des principales différences entre les hommes consiste dans la mesure différente où ils s’inspirent de leurs propres idées et de celles d’autrui. Les uns se bornent, le plus souvent, à ne se servir de leurs propres pensées que par manière de jeu; ils emploient leur raison comme on fait tourner les roues d’une machine, quand on a ôté la courroie qui les relie l’une à l’autre; et dans les circonstances importantes de la vie, et même dans le détail de leurs actes les plus ordinaires, ils s’en remettent à la pensée d’autrui, qu’ils nomment « l’usage », la « tradition », les « convenances », la « loi ». D’autres, au contraire, en plus petit nombre, considèrent leur propre pensée comme le principal guide de leur conduite et s’efforcent, autant qu’ils peuvent, de n’agir que d’après les avis de leur raison à eux.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Résurrection

Résurrection, 1899

Léon Tolstoï Citations

“Tout comprendre, c’est tout pardonner.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Guerre et Paix

War and Peace
Variante: Tout comprendre, c'est tout pardonner.

“tous les bonheurs se ressemblent, mais chaque infortune a sa physionomie particulière.”

Léon Tolstoï

“On n'a rien trouvé, on n'a rien inventé. Nous ne pouvons rien savoir sinon que nous ne savons rien. C'est là le degré suprême de la sagesse humaine. (Guerre et Paix, livre deuxième, 2ième partie, ch. I)”

Léon Tolstoï

“ce qui convainc de la nécessité de la vie future, ce ne sont pas les raisonnements mais ceci : tu marches dans la vie la main dans la main avec un homme, et tout à coup, cet homme disparaît là-bas dans le néant, et toi tu restes devant cet abîme et tu y plonges ton regard
(Guerre et Paix, livre deuxième, 2ième partie, ch. XII)”

Léon Tolstoï

“Je crois que s'il y a autant d'opinions que de têtes, il y a aussi autant de façons d'aimer qu'il y a de coeurs.”

Léon Tolstoï

“La guerre est la soumission la plus difficile de la liberté de l'homme aux lois de Dieu. La simplicité est la soumission à Dieu. On n'échappe pas à lui. Et EUX ils ne parlent pas, ils agissent. La parole prononcée est d'argent, celle qui n'est pas prononcée est d'or. L'homme n'a pouvoir sur rien tant qu'il a peur de la mort. Et celui qui n'a pas peur de la mort possède tout. Si la souffrance n'existait pas, l'homme ne se connaîtrait pas de limites, il ne se connaîtrait pas lui-même. (Guerre et Paix, livre troisième, 3ème partie, ch. IX)”

Léon Tolstoï

Souffrance

“Mais ma femme, est-ce que je l'aime? Ce n'est pas que je l'aime, c'est autre chose que je ne sais comment t'expliquer […] Est-ce que j'aime mon doigt? Je ne l'aime pas, mais essaie un peu de me le couper…”

Léon Tolstoï

War and Peace v2 of 3

“Tout était si beau, joyeux et pur dans la maison; mais dans son âme tout était laid, sale, horrible.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Le Diable

The Devil

“C'est ridiule et bizarre a dire mais je suis persuade qu'il y a encore nombre de gens d'une certaine societe, en particulier des femmes, qui auraient vu disparaitre instantanement leur amour pour leurs amis, pour leur mari, pour leurs enfants, si seulement on leur avait interdi d'en parler en francais”

Léon Tolstoï livre Jeunesse

Jeunesse

“Lorsque cinq semaines plus tard ces hommes quittèrent Moscou, ils ne formaient plus une armée; c'était une foule de maraudeurs, chacun portait sur lui ou transportait en voiture quantité d'objets qui lui sembaient précieux ou nécessaires. Leur but à tous en quittant Moscou n'était pas de conquérir, comme autrefois, mais de garder ce qu'ils avaient pris. Comme un singe qui, ayant introduit sa main dans l'étroit col d'une cruche et saisi une poignée de noix, se refuse à ouvrir son poing pour ne pas lâcher ce qu'il a saisi, et par là périt, ainsi les Français devaient périr parce qu'ils traînaient avec eux leur butin, et qu'abandonner ce butin leur était aussi impossible qu'au singe de lâcher la poignée de noix. (Guerre et Paix, livre troisième, 3ième partie, ch. XXVI)”

Léon Tolstoï

“Plus nous nous efforçons d'expliquer rationnellement ces phénomènes historiques, plus ils nous apparaissent dénués de sens et incompréhensibles.
Tout homme vit pour soi, profite de sa liberté pour atteindre ses buts personnels et sent de tout son être qu'il peut à chaque instant accomplir ou ne pas accomplir tel acte; mais une fois qu'il l'aura accompli, cet acte accompli à un moment précis du temps deviendra irrévocable et appartiendra à l'histoire qui, de libre qu'il était, le rend nécessaire. (…) L'homme consciemment vit pour soi, mais il sert inconsciemment d'instrument à des fins historiques et sociales. (…) a tort et raison celui qui prétend que c'est le dernier coup de pioche qui a fait s'écrouler la colline que l'on creusait. (Guerre et Paix, livre troisième, 1ère partie, ch. I)”

Léon Tolstoï

“Si tout le monde ne se battait que par conviction il n'y aurait pas de guerre (Guerre et Paix, livre premier, 1ère partie, ch. VI)”

Léon Tolstoï

“La femme est privée de droits parce qu'elle est privée d'instruction, et le manque d'instruction tient à l’absence de droits. N’oublions pas que l'esclavage de la femme est si ancien, si enraciné dans nos mœurs, que bien souvent nous sommes incapables de comprendre l'abîme légal qui la sépare de nous.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenina

“On sentait ce détachement de toutes les choses de ce monde qui terrifie un homme en vie.”

Léon Tolstoï

War and Peace v2 of 3

“Les dispositifs et les ordres les mieux combinés, les plus profondément médités, semblent très mauvais et n'importe quel savant tacticien les critique d'un air entendu quand ils n'ont pas donné la victoire; les pires dispositifs, les mesures les plus contestables paraissent excellents, et des gens sérieux consacrent des volumes à prouver leurs mérites, quand le gain de la bataille s'en est suivi.(Guerre et Paix, livre troisième, 1ère partie, ch. XXVIII)”

Léon Tolstoï

“Je désirais le mouvement et non une existence au cours paisible. je voulais l'excitation et le danger, et le risque de me sacrifier pour mon amour. Je sentais en moi une énergie surabondante qui ne trouvait aucun exutoire dans notre vie tranquille.”

Léon Tolstoï

“Non pas aimée parce que belle, mais belle parce qu'aimée.”

Léon Tolstoï

War and Peace v2 of 3

“Quand je songe à tous les maux que j'ai vus et que j'ai soufferts, provenant des haines nationales, je me dis que tout cela repose sur un grossier mensonge : l'amour de la Patrie.”

Léon Tolstoï

amour , haine , mensonge

“Le patriotisme est un sentiment artificiel et déraisonnable, source funeste de la plupart des maux qui désolent l'humanité.”

Léon Tolstoï

sentiment

“En matière de sentiment, le manque de logique est la meilleure preuve de la sincérité”

Léon Tolstoï

“« Ne plus mentir devient de la poésie »”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenine

“«Il faut profiter de ma liberté, et de ma jeunesse! Pierre avait raison: pour être heureux, me disait-il, il faut croire au bonheur, et j'y crois à présent! Laissons les morts enterrer les morts; tant que l'on vit, il faut vivre et être heureux!»”

Léon Tolstoï

La guerre et la paix, Tome II

“Je ne connais dans la vie que maux bien réels: c'est le remord et la maladie. Il n'est de bien que l'absence de ces maux.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Guerre et Paix

War and Peace

“Pfuhl devait nécessairement être une de ces natures entières, qui poussent jusqu’au martyre l’assurance que leur donne la foi dans l’infaillibilité d’un principe. Ces natures-là on ne les rencontre que chez les Allemands, seuls capables d’une confiance aussi absolue dans une idée abstraite, telle que la science, c’est-à-dire la connaissance présumée d’une vérité certaine.”

Léon Tolstoï

La Guerre et la Paix - Tome II

“La corrélation des causes est incompréhensible pour l’esprit humain, mais le besoin de s’en rendre compte est inné dans le cœur de l’homme. Celui qui n’approfondit pas la raison d’être des événements s’empare de la première coïncidence qui le frappe pour s’écrier : « Voilà la cause ! ».”

Léon Tolstoï

La Guerre et la Paix - Tome III

Cœur

“J'ignorais alors que l'une des premieres conditions du comme il faut etait la dissimulation des efforts grace auxquels s'atteignait le comme il faut”

Léon Tolstoï livre Jeunesse

Jeunesse

“les opinions lui étaient aussi nécessaires que les chapeaux.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenine

“Tout homme vit pour soi, et jouit du libre arbitre nécessaire pour atteindre le but qu'il se propose. Il a, et il sent en lui la faculté de faire ou de ne pas faire telle ou telle chose, mais, du moment qu'elle est faite, elle ne lui appartient plus, et elle devient la propriété de l'histoire, où elle trouve, en dehors du hasard, la place qui lui est assignée à l'avance.”

Léon Tolstoï

La guerre et la paix, Tome II

“Le fatalisme est inévitable dans l'histoire si l'on veut en comprendre les manifestations illogiques, ou, du moins celles dont nous n'entrevoyons pas le sens et dont l'illogisme grandit à nos yeux, à mesure que nous nous efforçons de nous en rendre compte.”

Léon Tolstoï

La guerre et la paix, Tome II

Sens

“Toutes les familles heureuses se ressemblent, mais chaque famille malheureuse l'est à sa façon”

Léon Tolstoï

“J’avais d’autres devoirs,’ thought he. ‘Il fallait apaiser le peuple. Bien d’autres victimes ont péri et périssent pour le bien publique”

Léon Tolstoï livre Guerre et Paix

War and Peace

“J'ai connu et connais encore un tres grand nombre de gens ages, orgeilleux, pleins d'assurance, abrupts dans leur jugements, qui, si dans l'autre monde on leur pose la question :"qu'est ce qu tu fais la-bas?" ne seront pas en etat de repondre autre chose que :"je fus un homme tres comme il faut”

Léon Tolstoï livre Jeunesse

Jeunesse

“Dieu, quelle virulente sortie!”

Léon Tolstoï livre Guerre et Paix

Война и мир. Том 1

“frais comme un grand concombre hollandais, vert et luisant.”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenine

“En aimant on est toujours heureux parce que notre bonheur est en nous-mêmes”

Léon Tolstoï livre Anna Karénine

Anna Karenine

“Le vieillard était assis sur le plancher et ne se levait pas.

– Est-ce ainsi qu'on se sépare ? Idiot ! Ah ! voilà les gens de maintenant ! On a fait bon ménage toute une année, et puis : adieu ! et le voila loin. Mais moi je t'aime, j'ai pitié de toi ! Tu es si malheureux, toujours seul, toujours seul. Tu es mal aimé, on dirait ! Des fois je ne dors pas, je songe à toi, et j'ai pitié. Comme on dit dans la chanson :

Il n'est pas commode, non, frère,

De vivre en pays étranger.

C'est comme ça pour toi.”

Léon Tolstoï

Les Cosasques, 1863

“Si, dans les moments difficiles de mon existence, j'avais pu fût-ce une seconde ignoré ce qu'était le chagrin.”

Léon Tolstoï

Léon Tolstoï: Citations en anglais

“All great literature is one of two stories; a man goes on a journey or a stranger comes to town.”

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Leo Tolstoy

“it's much better to do good in a way that no one knows anything about it.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre Anna Karénine

Source: Anna Karenina

“The best stories don't come from "good vs. bad" but "good vs. good.”

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Leo Tolstoy

“They've got no idea what happiness is, they don't know that without this love there is no happiness or unhappiness for us--there is no life.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre Anna Karénine

Source: Anna Karenina

“All that may be so and mankind is ready to agree with it, but it is not what was asked.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre Guerre et Paix

Vol 2, pt 5, p 236 — Selected Works, Moscow, 1869
War and Peace (1865–1867; 1869)
Contexte: The peculiar and amusing nature of those answers stems from the fact that modern history is like a deaf person who is in the habit of answering questions that no one has put to them.
If the purpose of history be to give a description of the movement of humanity and of the peoples, the first question — in the absence of a reply to which all the rest will be incomprehensible — is: what is the power that moves peoples? To this, modern history laboriously replies either that Napoleon was a great genius, or that Louis XIV was very proud, or that certain writers wrote certain books.
All that may be so and mankind is ready to agree with it, but it is not what was asked.

“Humanity unceasingly strives forward from a lower, more partial and obscure understanding of life to one more general and more lucid.”

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Leo Tolstoy

What is Art? (1897)
Contexte: Humanity unceasingly strives forward from a lower, more partial and obscure understanding of life to one more general and more lucid. And in this, as in every movement, there are leaders — those who have understood the meaning of life more clearly than others — and of those advanced men there is always one who has in his words and life, manifested this meaning more clearly, accessibly, and strongly than others. This man's expression … with those superstitions, traditions, and ceremonies which usually form around the memory of such a man, is what is called a religion. Religions are the exponents of the highest comprehension of life … within a given age in a given society … a basis for evaluating human sentiments. If feelings bring people nearer to the religion's ideal … they are good, if these estrange them from it, and oppose it, they are bad.

“The recognition that love represents the highest morality was nowhere denied or contradicted, but this truth was so interwoven everywhere with all kinds of falsehoods which distorted it, that finally nothing of it remained but words.”

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Leo Tolstoy A Letter to a Hindu

Source: A Letter to a Hindu (1908), III
Contexte: The recognition that love represents the highest morality was nowhere denied or contradicted, but this truth was so interwoven everywhere with all kinds of falsehoods which distorted it, that finally nothing of it remained but words. It was taught that this highest morality was only applicable to private life — for home use, as it were — but that in public life all forms of violence — such as imprisonment, executions, and wars — might be used for the protection of the majority against a minority of evildoers, though such means were diametrically opposed to any vestige of love.

“There is only one significance, you are a worker.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Last Diaries (1979) edited by Leon Stilman, p. 77
Contexte: How good is it to remember one's insignificance: that of a man among billions of men, of an animal amid billions of animals; and one's abode, the earth, a little grain of sand in comparison with Sirius and others, and one's life span in comparison with billions on billions of ages. There is only one significance, you are a worker. The assignment is inscribed in your reason and heart and expressed clearly and comprehensibly by the best among the beings similar to you. The reward for doing the assignment is immediately within you. But what the significance of the assignment is or of its completion, that you are not given to know, nor do you need to know it. It is good enough as it is. What else could you desire?

“In all history there is no war which was not hatched by the governments, the governments alone, independent of the interests of the people, to whom war is always pernicious even when successful.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Christianity and Patriotism (1895), as translated in The Novels and Other Works of Lyof N. Tolstoï, Vol. 20, p. 44
Contexte: In all history there is no war which was not hatched by the governments, the governments alone, independent of the interests of the people, to whom war is always pernicious even when successful.
The government assures the people that they are in danger from the invasion of another nation, or from foes in their midst, and that the only way to escape this danger is by the slavish obedience of the people to their government. This fact is seen most prominently during revolutions and dictatorships, but it exists always and everywhere that the power of the government exists. Every government explains its existence, and justifies its deeds of violence, by the argument that if it did not exist the condition of things would be very much worse. After assuring the people of its danger the government subordinates it to control, and when in this condition compels it to attack some other nation. And thus the assurance of the government is corroborated in the eyes of the people, as to the danger of attack from other nations.

“Every action of theirs, that seems to them an act of their own free will, is in an historical sense not free at all, but in bondage to the whole course of previous history, and predestined from all eternity.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre Guerre et Paix

Bk. IX, ch. 1
War and Peace (1865–1867; 1869)
Contexte: In historical events great men — so-called — are but labels serving to give a name to the event, and like labels they have the least possible connection with the event itself. Every action of theirs, that seems to them an act of their own free will, is in an historical sense not free at all, but in bondage to the whole course of previous history, and predestined from all eternity.

“But just what this good patriotism is, no one explains.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Patriotism, or Peace? http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Patriotism,_or_Peace%3F (1896), translated by Nathan Haskell Dole
Variant:
I have already several times expressed the thought that in our day the feeling of patriotism is an unnatural, irrational, and harmful feeling, and a cause of a great part of the ills from which mankind is suffering, and that, consequently, this feeling – should not be cultivated, as is now being done, but should, on the contrary, be suppressed and eradicated by all means available to rational men. Yet, strange to say – though it is undeniable that the universal armaments and destructive wars which are ruining the peoples result from that one feeling – all my arguments showing the backwardness, anachronism, and harmfulness of patriotism have been met, and are still met, either by silence, by intentional misinterpretation, or by a strange unvarying reply to the effect that only bad patriotism (Jingoism or Chauvinism) is evil, but that real good patriotism is a very elevated moral feeling, to condemn which is not only irrational but wicked.
What this real, good patriotism consists in, we are never told; or, if anything is said about it, instead of explanation we get declamatory, inflated phrases, or, finally, some other conception is substituted for patriotism – something which has nothing in common with the patriotism we all know, and from the results of which we all suffer so severely.
Patriotism and Government http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Patriotism_and_Government (1900)
Contexte: Tell people that war is an evil, and they will laugh; for who does not know it? Tell them that patriotism is an evil, and most of them will agree, but with a reservation. "Yes," they will say, "wrong patriotism is an evil; but there is another kind, the kind we hold." But just what this good patriotism is, no one explains.

“The inherent contradiction of human life has now reached an extreme degree of tension”

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Leo Tolstoy A Letter to a Hindu

Source: A Letter to a Hindu (1908), VI
Contexte: The inherent contradiction of human life has now reached an extreme degree of tension: on the one side there is the consciousness of the beneficence of the law of love, and on the other the existing order of life which has for centuries occasioned an empty, anxious, restless, and troubled mode of life, conflicting as it does with the law of love and built on the use of violence. This contradiction must be faced, and the solution will evidently not be favourable to the outlived law of violence, but to the truth which has dwelt in the hearts of men from remote antiquity: the truth that the law of love is in accord with the nature of man. But men can only recognize this truth to its full extent when they have completely freed themselves from all religious and scientific superstitions and from all the consequent misrepresentations and sophistical distortions by which its recognition has been hindered for centuries.

“I looked up, and did not recognize the same man: before, I had seen death in his face; but now he was alive, and I recognized in him the presence of God.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre What Men Live By

What Men Live By (1881)
Contexte: I thought: "I am perishing of cold and hunger, and here is a man thinking only of how to clothe himself and his wife, and how to get bread for themselves. He cannot help me. When the man saw me he frowned and became still more terrible, and passed me by on the other side. I despaired, but suddenly I heard him coming back. I looked up, and did not recognize the same man: before, I had seen death in his face; but now he was alive, and I recognized in him the presence of God.

“Religions are the exponents of the highest comprehension of life … within a given age in a given society … a basis for evaluating human sentiments.”

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Leo Tolstoy

“No feats of heroism are needed to achieve the greatest and most important changes in the existence of humanity”

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Leo Tolstoy

Source: Patriotism and Christianity http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Patriotism_and_Christianity (1896), Ch. 17
Contexte: No feats of heroism are needed to achieve the greatest and most important changes in the existence of humanity; neither the armament of millions of soldiers, nor the construction of new roads and machines, nor the arrangement of exhibitions, nor the organization of workmen's unions, nor revolutions, nor barricades, nor explosions, nor the perfection of aerial navigation; but a change in public opinion.
And to accomplish this change no exertions of the mind are needed, nor the refutation of anything in existence, nor the invention of any extraordinary novelty; it is only needful that we should not succumb to the erroneous, already defunct, public opinion of the past, which governments have induced artificially; it is only needful that each individual should say what he really feels or thinks, or at least that he should not say what he does not think.

“Martin's soul grew very very glad.”

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Leo Tolstoy

"Where Love Is, God Is" (1885), also translated as "Where Love is, There God is Also" - (full text online)
Contexte: Martin's soul grew very very glad. He crossed himself put on his spectacles, and began reading the Gospel just where it had opened; and at the top of the page he read: I was an hungered, and ye gave me meat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink; I was a stranger, and ye took me in. And at the bottom of the page he read: Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my brethren even these least, ye did it unto me (Matt. xxv). And Martin understood that his dream had come true; and that the Saviour had really come to him that day, and he had welcomed him.

“When I started life Hegelianism was the basis of everything: it was in the air, found expression in magazine and newspaper articles, in novels and essays, in art, in histories, in sermons, and in conversation. A man unacquainted with Hegel had no right to speak: he who wished to know the truth studied Hegel.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Source: What then must we do? (1886), Chapter XXIX
Contexte: When I started life Hegelianism was the basis of everything: it was in the air, found expression in magazine and newspaper articles, in novels and essays, in art, in histories, in sermons, and in conversation. A man unacquainted with Hegel had no right to speak: he who wished to know the truth studied Hegel. Everything rested on him; and suddenly forty years have gone by and there is nothing left of him, he is not even mentioned — as though he had never existed. And what is most remarkable is that, like pseudo-Christianity, Hegelianism fell not because anyone refuted it, but because it suddenly became evident that neither the one nor the other was needed by our learned, educated world.

“The hatred and contempt of the oppressed people are increasing, and the physical and moral strength of the richer classes are decreasing: the deceit which supports all this is wearing out, and the rich classes have nothing wherewith to comfort themselves.”

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Leo Tolstoy

What is to be Done http://books.google.com/books?id=P4dGAQAAIAAJ& (1899) p. 262
Contexte: The workmen's revolution, with the terrors of destruction and murder, not only threatens us, but we have already been living upon its verge during the last thirty years, and it is only by various cunning devices that we have been postponing the crisis... The hatred and contempt of the oppressed people are increasing, and the physical and moral strength of the richer classes are decreasing: the deceit which supports all this is wearing out, and the rich classes have nothing wherewith to comfort themselves.

“I have now understood that though it seems to men that they live by care for themselves, in truth it is love alone by which they live. He who has love, is in God, and God is in him, for God is love.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre What Men Live By

Source: What Men Live By (1881), Ch. XII
Contexte: And the angel's body was bared, and he was clothed in light so that eye could not look on him; and his voice grew louder, as though it came not from him but from heaven above. And the angel said:
I have learnt that all men live not by care for themselves, but by love.
It was not given to the mother to know what her children needed for their life. Nor was it given to the rich man to know what he himself needed. Nor is it given to any man to know whether, when evening comes, he will need boots for his body or slippers for his corpse.
I remained alive when I was a man, not by care of myself, but because love was present in a passer-by, and because he and his wife pitied and loved me. The orphans remained alive, not because of their mother's care, but because there was love in the heart of a woman a stranger to them, who pitied and loved them. And all men live not by the thought they spend on their own welfare, but because love exists in man.
I knew before that God gave life to men and desires that they should live; now I understood more than that.
I understood that God does not wish men to live apart, and therefore he does not reveal to them what each one needs for himself; but he wishes them to live united, and therefore reveals to each of them what is necessary for all.
I have now understood that though it seems to men that they live by care for themselves, in truth it is love alone by which they live. He who has love, is in God, and God is in him, for God is love.

“You will die and find out everything — or cease asking.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre Guerre et Paix

Bk. V, ch. 1
War and Peace (1865–1867; 1869)
Contexte: You will die — and it will all be over. You will die and find out everything — or cease asking.

“I have learnt that all men live not by care for themselves, but by love.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre What Men Live By

“If one has no vanity in this life of ours, there is no sufficient reason for living.”

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Leo Tolstoy livre The Kreutzer Sonata

Source: The Kreutzer Sonata (1889), Ch. 23. This is not, as it is often quoted, a stand-alone Tolstoy epigram, but part of the narration by the novella's jealousy-ridden protagonist Pozdnyshev.

“God is that infinite All of which man knows himself to be a finite part.
God alone exists truly. Man manifests Him in time, space and matter.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Entry in Tolstoy's Diary http://www.linguadex.com/tolstoy/chapter1.htm (1 November 1910)
Contexte: God is the infinite ALL. Man is only a finite manifestation of Him.
Or better yet:
God is that infinite All of which man knows himself to be a finite part.
God alone exists truly. Man manifests Him in time, space and matter. The more God's manifestation in man (life) unites with the manifestations (lives) of other beings, the more man exists. This union with the lives of other beings is accomplished through love.
God is not love, but the more there is of love, the more man manifests God, and the more he truly exists...
We acknowledge God only when we are conscious of His manifestation in us. All conclusions and guidelines based on this consciousness should fully satisfy both our desire to know God as such as well as our desire to live a life based on this recognition.

“Spiritual beauty or the good, generally not only does not coincide with the typical meaning of beauty, it is its opposite.”

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Leo Tolstoy

What is Art? (1897)
Contexte: The good is the everlasting, the pinnacle of our life. … life is striving towards the good, toward God. The good is the most basic idea … an idea not definable by reason … yet is the postulate from which all else follows. But the beautiful … is just that which is pleasing. The idea of beauty is not an alignment to the good, but is its opposite, because for most part, the good aids in our victory over our predilections, while beauty is the motive of our predilections. The more we succumb to beauty, the further we are displaced from the good.... the usual response is that there exists a moral and spiritual beauty … we mean simply the good. Spiritual beauty or the good, generally not only does not coincide with the typical meaning of beauty, it is its opposite.

“Progress consists only in the greater clarification of answers to the basic questions of life. The truth is always accessible to a man. It can't be otherwise, because a man's soul is a divine spark, the truth itself.”

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Leo Tolstoy

Tolstoy's Diaries (1985) edited and translated by R. F. Christian. London: Athlone Press, Vol 2, p. 512
Contexte: People usually think that progress consists in the increase of knowledge, in the improvement of life, but that isn't so. Progress consists only in the greater clarification of answers to the basic questions of life. The truth is always accessible to a man. It can't be otherwise, because a man's soul is a divine spark, the truth itself. It's only a matter of removing from this divine spark (the truth) everything that obscures it. Progress consists, not in the increase of truth, but in freeing it from its wrappings. The truth is obtained like gold, not by letting it grow bigger, but by washing off from it everything that isn't gold.

“The Anarchists are right in everything; in the negation of the existing order, and in the assertion that, without authority, there could not be worse violence than that of authority under existing conditions. They are mistaken only in thinking that Anarchy can be instituted by a revolution. "To establish Anarchy." "Anarchy will be instituted."”

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Leo Tolstoy

But it will be instituted only by there being more and more people who do not require protection from governmental power, and by there being more and more people who will be ashamed of applying this power.
"On Anarchy", in Pamphlets : Translated from the Russian (1900) as translated by Aylmer Maude, p. 22

“Not only does the action of Governments not deter men from crimes; on the contrary, it increases crime by always disturbing and lowering the moral standard of society.”

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Leo Tolstoy The Meaning of the Russian Revolution

The Meaning of the Russian Revolution (1906), a work about the 1905 Russian Revolution.
Contexte: Not only does the action of Governments not deter men from crimes; on the contrary, it increases crime by always disturbing and lowering the moral standard of society. Nor can this be otherwise, since always and everywhere a Government, by its very nature, must put in the place of the highest, eternal, religious law (not written in books but in the hearts of men, and binding on every one) its own unjust, man-made laws, the object of which is neither justice nor the common good of all but various considerations of home and foreign expediency.

“The good is the everlasting, the pinnacle of our life. … life is striving towards the good, toward God. The good is the most basic idea … an idea not definable by reason … yet is the postulate from which all else follows.”

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Leo Tolstoy

“But it will be instituted only by there being more and more people who do not require protection from governmental power, and by there being more and more people who will be ashamed of applying this power.”

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Leo Tolstoy

"On Anarchy", in Pamphlets : Translated from the Russian (1900) as translated by Aylmer Maude, p. 22
Contexte: The Anarchists are right in everything; in the negation of the existing order, and in the assertion that, without authority, there could not be worse violence than that of authority under existing conditions. They are mistaken only in thinking that Anarchy can be instituted by a revolution. "To establish Anarchy." "Anarchy will be instituted." But it will be instituted only by there being more and more people who do not require protection from governmental power, and by there being more and more people who will be ashamed of applying this power.

“Such are the scientific justifications of the principle of coercion. They are not merely weak but absolutely invalid, yet they are so much needed by those who occupy privileged positions that they believe in them as blindly as they formerly believed in the immaculate conception, and propagate them just as confidently.”

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Leo Tolstoy A Letter to a Hindu

Source: A Letter to a Hindu (1908), IV
Contexte: These new justifications are termed "scientific". But by the term "scientific" is understood just what was formerly understood by the term "religious": just as formerly everything called "religious" was held to be unquestionable simply because it was called religious, so now all that is called "scientific" is held to be unquestionable. In the present case the obsolete religious justification of violence which consisted in the recognition of the supernatural personality of the God-ordained ruler ("there is no power but of God") has been superseded by the "scientific" justification which puts forward, first, the assertion that because the coercion of man by man has existed in all ages, it follows that such coercion must continue to exist. This assertion that people should continue to live as they have done throughout past ages rather than as their reason and conscience indicate, is what "science" calls "the historic law". A further "scientific" justification lies in the statement that as among plants and wild beasts there is a constant struggle for existence which always results in the survival of the fittest, a similar struggle should be carried on among humanbeings, that is, who are gifted with intelligence and love; faculties lacking in the creatures subject to the struggle for existence and survival of the fittest. Such is the second "scientific" justification. The third, most important, and unfortunately most widespread justification is, at bottom, the age-old religious one just a little altered: that in public life the suppression of some for the protection of the majority cannot be avoided — so that coercion is unavoidable however desirable reliance on love alone might be in human intercourse. The only difference in this justification by pseudo-science consists in the fact that, to the question why such and such people and not others have the right to decide against whom violence may and must be used, pseudo-science now gives a different reply to that given by religion — which declared that the right to decide was valid because it was pronounced by persons possessed of divine power. "Science" says that these decisions represent the will of the people, which under a constitutional form of government is supposed to find expression in all the decisions and actions of those who are at the helm at the moment. Such are the scientific justifications of the principle of coercion. They are not merely weak but absolutely invalid, yet they are so much needed by those who occupy privileged positions that they believe in them as blindly as they formerly believed in the immaculate conception, and propagate them just as confidently. And the unfortunate majority of men bound to toil is so dazzled by the pomp with which these "scientific truths" are presented, that under this new influence it accepts these scientific stupidities for holy truth, just as it formerly accepted the pseudo-religious justifications; and it continues to submit to the present holders of power who are just as hard-hearted but rather more numerous than before.