“But the sect of the Essens affirm, that fate governs all things, and that nothing befalls men but what is according to its determination”

AJ 13.5.9
Antiquities of the Jews

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Josephus on the Essenes18

Josephus on the Essenes

Antiquities of the Jews

“The artist lives only day by day, and is the recipient of the things that surround him; he transposes sensations from outside, according to what the fate reserves him, but transforms them relentlessly and tenaciously, in a manner determined by him alone.”

Odilon Redon (1840–1916) French painter

in Confidences of an artist (1894) published posthumously in Paris in 1922 as part of the book of memoirs To himself; as quoted by Paul Westheim in Confessions of Artists - Letters, Memoirs and Observations of Contemporary Artists, Propyläen Publishing House, Berlin, 1925: p. 82

“But Chrysippus, Posidonius, Zeno, and Boëthus say, that all things are produced by fate. And fate is a connected cause of existing things, or the reason according to which the world is regulated.”

Diogenes Laërtius (180–240) biographer of ancient Greek philosophers

Zeno, 74.
The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers (c. 200 A.D.), Book 7: The Stoics

“For there are three philosophical sects among the Jews. The followers of the first of which are the Pharisees; of the second, the Sadducees; and the third sect, which pretends to a severer discipline, are called Essens. These last are Jews by birth, and seem to have a greater affection for one another than the other sects have. These Essens reject pleasures as an evil, but esteem continence, and the conquest over our passions, to be virtue. They neglect wedlock, but choose out other persons children, while they are pliable, and fit for learning, and esteem them to be of their kindred, and form them according to their own manners. They do not absolutely deny the fitness of marriage, and the succession of mankind thereby continued; but they guard against the lascivious behavior of women, and are persuaded that none of them preserve their fidelity to one man.”

Josephus on the Essenes

Jewish War

“Whatever befalls in accordance with Nature should be accounted good.”
Omnia autem quae secundum naturam fiunt sunt habenda in bonis.

Marcus Tullius Cicero (-106–-43 BC) Roman philosopher and statesman

section 71 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0039%3Asection%3D71 <br class="br">Cato Maior de Senectute – On Old Age (44 BC)

“This approach emphasizes what was once familiar enough to all Americans—and what we are now in danger of forgetting—that government derives its power from men; that rights of life and liberty are inalienable; that these rights are not something that government graciously confers upon men, but things no government can take away from men.”

Henry Steele Commager (1902–1998) American historian

Source: Freedom, Loyalty, Dissent (1954), p. 5