“Systems at each level of integration function as wholes with respect to their parts and parts with respect to higher level wholes.”

Source: Introduction to Systems Philosophy (1972), p. 67.

Adopted from Wikiquote. Last update June 3, 2021. History

Help us to complete the source, original and additional information

Do you have more details about the quote "Systems at each level of integration function as wholes with respect to their parts and parts with respect to higher le…" by Ervin László?
Ervin László photo
Ervin László 46
Hungarian musician and philosopher 1932

Related quotes

Francisco Varela photo

“There is a strong current in contemporary culture advocating ‘holistic’ views as some sort of cure-all… Reductionism implies attention to a lower level while holistic implies attention to higher level. These are intertwined in any satisfactory description: and each entails some loss relative to our cognitive preferences, as well as some gain… there is no whole system without an interconnection of its parts and there is no whole system without an environment.”

Francisco Varela (1946–2001) Chilean biologist

Varela (1977) "On being autonomous: The lessons of natural history for systems theory. In: George Klir (ed.) Applied Systems Research. New York: Plenum Press. p. 77-85 as cited in: D. Rudrauf (2003) " From autopoiesis to neurophenomenology: Francisco Varela's exploration of the biophysics of being http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/bres/v36n1/art05.pdf". In: Biol Res 36: 27-65

Richard L. Daft photo
Norman Mailer photo

“The function of socialism is to raise suffering to a higher level.”

Norman Mailer (1923–2007) American novelist, journalist, essayist, playwright, film maker, actor and political candidate

As quoted in Peter's Quotations : Ideas for Our Time (1977) by Laurence J. Peter

Ervin László photo
Russell L. Ackoff photo
João Sousa photo

“I feel that I am respected. The other top players now realize what I am capable of. There is mutual respect among player at this ATP level, everyone knows the required quality one needs to have to be part of the elite.”

João Sousa (1989) Portuguese tennis player

On the feedback received from other ATP World Tour players.
Source: João Sousa: "Partilho com o Nadal o gosto pelo Real Madrid" [Joao Sousa - 'I share with Nadal the fondness for Real Madrid' http://desporto.sapo.pt/mais_modalidades/tenis/artigo/2015/11/07/partilho-com-o-nadal-o-gosto-pelo-real-madrid,, SAPO, Portuguese, 9 November 2015]

Alice A. Bailey photo

“Socio-technical analysis is made at three levels - the primary work system; the whole organization; and macrosocial phenomena.”

Eric Trist (1909–1993) British scientist

Source: The evolution of socio-technical systems, (1981), p. 6

Related topics