“…man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world – and defines himself afterwards.”

— Jean Paul Sartre

Characterizations of Existentialism (1944)

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Jean Paul Sartre 321

French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, sc… 1905–1980

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“What do we mean by saying that existence precedes essence? We mean that man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world – and defines himself afterwards.”

Jean Paul Sartre (1905–1980) French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and …

Source: Existentialism Is a Humanism, lecture http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/sartre/works/exist/sartre.htm (1946)
Context: What do we mean by saying that existence precedes essence? We mean that man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world – and defines himself afterwards. If man as the existentialist sees him is not definable, it is because to begin with he is nothing. He will not be anything until later, and then he will be what he makes of himself. Thus, there is no human nature, because there is no God to have a conception of it. Man simply is. Not that he is simply what he conceives himself to be, but he is what he wills, and as he conceives himself after already existing – as he wills to be after that leap towards existence. Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself. That is the first principle of existentialism.

“What do we mean by saying that existence precedes essence? We mean that man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world—and defines himself afterwards. If man as the existentialist see him is not definable, it is because to begin with he is nothing. He will not be anything until later, and then he will be what he makes of himself. Thus, there is no human nature, because there is no God to have a conception of himself. Man simply is.”

Jean Paul Sartre (1905–1980) French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and …

Source: Existentialism Is a Humanism (1946), p. 28

“In a world, man must create his own essence: it is in throwing himself into the world, suffering there, struggling there, that he gradually defines himself.”

Jean Paul Sartre (1905–1980) French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and …

Characterizations of Existentialism (1944)

“The philosopher, who is himself an abstract form of alienated man, sets himself up as the measure of the alienated world.”

Karl Marx book Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844

Der Philosoph legt sich – also selbst eine abstrakte Gestalt des entfremdeten Menschen – als den Maßstab der entfremdeten Welt an.
Paris Manuscripts (1844)

“When a man starts out to build a world,
He starts first with himself”

Langston Hughes (1902–1967) American writer and social activist

“The reasonable man adapts himself to the world: the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself. Therefore all progress depends on the unreasonable man.”

George Bernard Shaw Man and Superman

#124
1900s, Maxims for Revolutionists (1903)
Source: Man and Superman

“A man is first reverent about himself, and self-respect is the first stage in reverence for all things.”

Otto Weininger book Sex and Character

Source: Sex and Character (1903), p. 127.

“A man defines himself by his make-believe as well as by his sincere impulses.”

Albert Camus book The Myth of Sisyphus

Un homme se définit aussi bien par ses comédies que par ses élans sincères.
http://books.google.com/books?id=9FgoAQAAIAAJ&q=%22un+homme+se+d%C3%A9finit+aussi+bien+par+ses+com%C3%A9dies+que+par+ses+%C3%A9lans+sinc%C3%A8res%22&pg=PA25#v=onepage
The Myth of Sisyphus (1942), An Absurd Reasoning

“The ordinary man puts up a struggle against all that is not himself, whereas it is against himself, in a limited but all-essential field, that the artist has to battle.”

André Malraux (1901–1976) French novelist, art theorist and politician

Part III, Chapter III
Les voix du silence [Voices of Silence] (1951)

“The first duty of a man is to think for himself”

José Martí (1853–1895) Poet, writer, Cuban nationalist leader

“…man first of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world – and defines himself afterwards.”

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Jean Paul Sartre 321

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