“To a degree which is difficult to determine, the esoteric impulse in twentieth-century music, literature and the arts reflects calculation. It looks to the flattery of academic and hermeneutic notice. Reciprocally, the academy turns towards that which appears to require its exegetic, cryptographic skills.”

Source: Real Presences (1989), I: A Secondary City, Ch. 6 (p. 38).

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George Steiner74

American writer 1929–2020

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“.. the universal cannot be expressed purely so long as the particular obstructs the path. Only when this is no longer the case can the universal consciousness (intuition, that is) which is at the origin of all art, be rendered directly, giving birth to a purified art expression.
This, however, cannot appear before its proper time. For it is the spirit of the times that determines artistic expression, which, in turn, reflects the spirit of the times. But at the present moment, that form of art alone is truly alive which expresses our present - or future - consciousness.”

— Piet Mondrian Peintre Néerlandais 1872–1944

1910's, Natural Reality and Abstract Reality', 1919

“The first impulse towards painting, or toward art in general, stems from the need to communicate, the effort to fix one's own vision, to deal with appearances (which are alien and must be given names and meanings.) Without this, all work would be pointless and unjustified, like Art for Art's Sake.”

— Gerhard Richter German visual artist, born 1932 1932

undated quotes, The Daily Practice of Painting, Writings (1962-1993)

“Pevsner's career is a prism through which to view the world of art history as it developed in England in the middle of the twentieth century.”

— Nikolaus Pevsner German-born British scholar 1902–1983

Susie Harries, "Nikolaus Pevsner: The Life" (2011), page ix
About

“It appears to me, that any explanation of the cheapness of manufactured articles, as consequent upon the division of labour, would be incomplete if the following principle were omitted to be stated.
That the master manufacturer, by dividing the work to be executed into different processes, each requiring different degrees of skill or of force, can purchase exactly that precise quantity of both which is necessary for each process; whereas, if the whole work were executed by one workman, that person must possess sufficient skill to perform the most difficult, and sufficient strength to execute the most laborious, of the operations into which the art is divided.”

— Charles Babbage, On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures

Source: On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures, 1832/1841, p. 175-6

“The extraordinary stylistic changes of late eighteenth-century music may have provided much of the inspiration for the literature of the turn of the century, but the literary forms that resulted were deeply eccentric. It was these works—paradoxical, anticlassical, often with startlingly unbalanced proportions—which in turn influenced the music of the generation of composers that followed. The most clearly affected by literature and art were Schumann, Berlioz, and Liszt, but neither Mendelssohn nor Chopin remained untouched by literary developments, like the revival of Celtic and medieval poetry, as the overtures of Mendelssohn and the Ballades of Chopin explicitly demonstrate.”

— Charles Rosen American pianist and writer on music 1927–2012

Source: The Romantic Generation (1995), Ch. 2 : Fragments

“Sedgwick has managed to convert pedestrian critical skills and little discernible knowledge in history, philosophy, psychology, art or even pre-modern literature into a lucrative academic career.”

— Camille Paglia American writer 1947

Source: Sex, Art and American Culture : New Essays (1992), Junk Bonds and Corporate Raiders : Academe in the Hour of the Wolf, p. 222

“The speed and density of computation have been doubling every three years (at the beginning of the twentieth century) to one year (at the end of the twentieth century), regardless of the type of hardware used. …Despite many decades of progress since the first calculating equipment was used in the 1890 census, it was not until the mid-1960s that this phenomenon was even noticed”

— Ray Kurzweil Author, scientist, inventor, and futurist 1948

although Alan Turing had an inkling of it in 1950
The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence (1999)

“Ads are the cave art of the twentieth century.”

— Marshall McLuhan Canadian educator, philosopher, and scholar-- a professor of English literature, a literary critic, and a communicatio… 1911–1980

quoted in Advertising Age, Sep. 3, 1976
1970s
Variant: Advertising is the greatest art form of the twentieth century
Context: Advertising is the greatest art form of the twentieth century.

“Literature and the arts are also criticism in a more particular and practical sense. They embody an expository reflection on, a value judgement of, the inheritance and context to which they pertain.”

— George Steiner American writer 1929–2020

Source: Real Presences (1989), I: A Secondary City, Ch. 4 (p. 11).

“The one impulse in man which cannot be erased is his impulse toward freedom, his impulse toward sanity, toward higher levels of attainment in all of his endeavors.”

— L. Ron Hubbard American science fiction author, philosopher, cult leader, and the founder of the Church of Scientology 1911–1986

Dianetics 55! (1954).

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George Steiner74

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