Peter Checkland (1930) British management scientist
Source: Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, 1981, p. 162 cited in: Rob Pooley, Pauline Wilcox (2003) Applying UML: Advanced Applications. p. 50
Sheldon Wolin, “Max Weber: Legitimation, Method, and the Politics of Theory,” Political Theory (1981)
Peter Checkland (1930) British management scientist
Source: Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, 1981, p. 162 cited in: Rob Pooley, Pauline Wilcox (2003) Applying UML: Advanced Applications. p. 50
Hans Morgenthau book Politics Among Nations
Six Principles of Political Realism, § 4.
Politics Among Nations (1948)
Context: Political realism is aware of the moral significance of political action. It is also aware of the ineluctable tension between the moral command and the requirements of successful political action. And it is unwilling to gloss over and obliterate that tension and thus to obfuscate both the moral and the political issue by making it appear as though the stark facts of politics were morally more satisfying than they actually are, and the moral law less exacting than it actually is.
“All political action is then guided by some thought of better or worse.”
Leo Strauss (1899–1973) Classical philosophy specialist and father of neoconservativism
"What Is Political Philosophy" in The Journal of Politics, 19(3) (Aug. 1957) by the Southern Political Science Association, p. 343
Context: All political action aims at either preservation or change. When desiring to preserve, we wish to prevent a change for the worse; when desiring to change, we wish to bring about something better. All political action is then guided by some thought of better or worse.
Hans Morgenthau book Politics Among Nations
Six Principles of Political Realism, § 4.
Politics Among Nations (1948)
Context: Realism maintains that universal moral principles cannot be applied to the actions of states in their abstract universal formulation, but that they must be filtered through the concrete circumstances of time and place. The individual may say for himself: "Fiat justitia, pereat mundus (Let justice be done, even if the world perish)," but the state has no right to say so in the name of those who are in its care. Both individual and state must judge political action by universal moral principles, such as that of liberty. Yet while the individual has a moral right to sacrifice himself in defense of such a moral principle, the state has no right to let its moral disapprobation of the infringement of liberty get in the way of successful political action, itself inspired by the moral principle of national survival.
Christopher Hitchens (1949–2011) British American author and journalist
1990s, The Monarchy: A Critique of Britain's Favourite Fetish
Michael Moorcock (1939) English writer, editor, critic
Book 2, Chapter 8 “Revolutions” (p. 410)
Oswald Bastable, The Steel Tsar (1981)
Jay Wright Forrester (1918–2016) American operations researcher
Source: Principles of Systems (1968), p. 4-1 as cited in: Richardson, George P. " Reflections on the foundations of system dynamics http://obssr.od.nih.gov/issh/2012/files/Richardson%202011.pdf." System Dynamics Review 27.3 (2011): 219-243.
Robert N. Proctor (1954) American historian
Source: Value-free science?: Purity and power in modern knowledge, 1991, p. 86
Thomas Henry Huxley (1825–1895) English biologist and comparative anatomist
"Our Knowledge of the Causes of the Phenomena of Organic Nature" (1863) http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/CE2/Phen.html <br class="br">1860s