My Disillusionment in Russia (1923)
Context: Its first ethical precept is the identity of means used and aims sought. The ultimate end of all revolutionary social change is to establish the sanctity of human life, the dignity of man, the right of every human being to liberty and wellbeing. Unless this be the essential aim of revolution, violent social changes would have no justification. For external social alterations can be, and have been, accomplished by the normal processes of evolution. Revolution, on the contrary, signifies not mere external change, but internal, basic, fundamental change. That internal change of concepts and ideas, permeating ever-larger social strata, finally culminates in the violent upheaval known as revolution.
“It [materialist dialectics] holds that external causes are the condition of change and internal causes are the basis of change, and that external causes become operative through internal causes. In a suitable temperature an egg changes into a chicken, but no temperature can change a stone into a chicken, because each has a different basis.”
On Contradiction (1937)
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Mao Zedong 181
Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of… 1893–1976Related quotes
IX, 31
Meditations (c. 121–180 AD), Book IX
Context: Let there be freedom from perturbations with respect to the things which come from the external cause; and let there be justice in the things done by virtue of the internal cause, that is, let there be movement and action terminating in this, in social acts, for this is according to thy nature.
Speech on the October Crisis (October 1970), quoted in Louis, Fournier, F.L.Q: The Anatomy of an Underground movement (Toronto: NC Press Limited, 1984), p. 256
1970s
“It will cause a great many changes.”
“Yes, but one cannot prevent change simply by wishing it not to happen.”
Source: The Goblin Emperor (2014), Chapter 22, "The Bridge over the Upazhera" (p. 275)
The goal: a process of ongoing improvement (1984)
“Nothing we did in those days has caused a change.”
“Because of what we did, things remained as they were, rather than getting worse,” I told him.
Source: This Immortal (1965), p. 131
“Khatami is a symptom and not the cause of change in Iran.”
"Mutually Assured Misunderstanding" at PBS.org, Interviews for Frontline (April 23 and May 2, 2002) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline//shows/tehran/axis/nafisi.html