“The superior in one group is a subordinate in the next group, and so on through the organization.”

— Rensis Likert

Source: New patterns of management, (1961), p. 105.

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Rensis Likert 16

American statistician 1903–1981

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Context: Having analyzed these traits, we can now advance a definition of propaganda — not an exhaustive definition, unique and exclusive of all others, but at least a partial one: Propaganda is a set of methods employed by an organized group that wants to bring about the active or passive participation in its actions of a mass of individuals, psychologically unified through psychological manipulations and incorporated in an organization.

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“The superior in one group is a subordinate in the next group, and so on through the organization.”

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