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Nathanael Greene cytaty

Nathanael Greene – generał Armii Kontynentalnej w czasie wojny o niepodległość Stanów Zjednoczonych. Na początku wojny Greene był szeregowym członkiem milicji stanowej w Rhode Island; w czasie wojny awansował, przy poparciu Waszyngtona, do stopnia generała majora, jako jeden z najlepszych dowódców w czasie wojny. Greensboro, trzecie co do wielkości miasto stanu Karolina Północna, zostało nazwane jego imieniem.

Był synem kwakierskiego kowala wiejskiego. Sam zdobywał wykształcenie, szczególnie interesując się matematyką, historią i prawem. Pastor Ezra Stiles, późniejszy rektor Uniwersytetu Yale’a, wywarł ogromny wpływ na dalsze życie Greene’a.

W 1770 Greene przeprowadził się do Coventry, gdzie pracował, do śmierci ojca, w rodzinnej odlewni metali. Wkrótce został wybrany do lokalnego zgromadzenia ustawodawczego i był wybierany ponownie w latach 1771, 1772 i 1775. Sympatyzował z wigami lub – jak ich powszechnie nazywano – patriotami, partią dążącą do wyzwolenia spod jarzma korony brytyjskiej. W 1774 ożenił się z Catharine Littlefield z Block Island. Jej ciotka, Catherine Ray, była bliską przyjaciółką Benjamina Franklina.

W maju 1775 został mianowany generałem tzw. Rhode Island Army of Observation sformowanej w odpowiedzi na oblężenie Bostonu przez Brytyjczyków. Następnie został mianowany generałem brygady Armii Kontynentalnej przez Kongres Kontynentalny22 czerwca 1775. Waszyngton nominował Greene’a komendantem Bostonu w marcu 1776.

9 sierpnia 1776 został mianowany jednym z czterech generałów-majorów i postawiony na czele oddziałów Armii Kontynentalnej na Long Island, gdzie zbudował fortyfikacje wówczas znane jako Fort Putnam, a obecnie Fort Greene Park na wschód od Brooklynu.

Był głównym orędownikiem wycofania się z Nowego Jorku i spalenia miasta, by stało się bezużyteczne dla Brytyjczyków. 25 października 1776 przejął od generała Israela Putnama dowództwo nad umocnieniami Fortu Washington. Był niewątpliwie odpowiedzialny za utracenie tej pozycji, ale utrzymał się na stanowisku za poręczeniem Waszyngtona.

Przegrał wiele bitew, ale Waszyngton wspierał go w każdej sytuacji. Pod koniec wojny został mianowany dowódcą armii na południu, gdzie jego operacje osłabiały niewielkie siły brytyjskiego generała Cornwallisa, co w konsekwencji doprowadziło do zakończenia wojny i ostatecznego zwycięstwa. Wikipedia  

✵ 27. Lipiec 1742 – 19. Czerwiec 1786
Nathanael Greene Fotografia
Nathanael Greene: 126   Cytatów 0   Polubień

Nathanael Greene: Cytaty po angielsku

“The growing extravagance of the people, and the increasing demand for the article of forage in this quarter, have become a very alarming affair. Hay is from sixty to eighty dollars a ton, and upon the rise.* Corn is ten dollars a bushel, and oats four; and every thing else, that will answer for forage, in that proportion. Carting is nine shillings a mile by the ton, and people much dissatisfied with the price. I have represented to the States of Rhode Island and Connecticut the absolute necessity of legislative interposition, to settle the prices of things upon some reasonable footing, of all such articles and services as are necessary for the use of the public in my department. I am going to do the same to the Council of this State. What effect it will have, I cannot say; but, if there is not something done to check the extravagance of the people, there are no funds in the universe that will equal the expense.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (September 1778)

“In cantoning the troops and drawing supplies for their subsistence, it may not be amiss to have an eye to the affair of next campaign. The expense and difficulty of transportation from the Western States, your Excellency is perfectly acquainted with. You are also sensible that the long tract of barren country, through which the supplies must come, will only admit of a certain quantity of transportation; therefore I conceive, that good policy points out the necessity of keeping as many stores in reserve in this State as possible. This is necessary, not only to be prepared for any emergency that may happen from the enemy's turning their force against the Eastern States, but to have a magazine in readiness for a secret purpose, which your Excellency hinted to me a few days since.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (November 1779)

“I thank your Excellency for your generous and obliging offer. Most certain, my inclination leads me to a resignation. My reputation I value more than any advantages of gain; and I consider it in great danger. I wrote your Excellency lengthy upon this subject yesterday, and therefore shall say but little upon it to-day. I intend to write to Congress to day, upon the subject of my apprehensions and determination; and, if they do not give me those kinds of assurances, which are necessary to guard my reputation from malice and detraction. I shall insist upon leaving the business. The politics of Congress are really alarming, and the state of the finances astonishing; where they will end, time only can unfold.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (26 April 1779)

“We have collected all the wagons in our power, and sent over. Our people have had extreme hard duty; the common guards, common fatigue, and the extraordinary guards and extraordinary fatigue, for the removal of the stores, and forwarding the provisions, have kept every man on duty.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (24 October 1776)

“I must beg leave to recommend to your Excellency's consideration the appointing an officer to write and sign the necessary passes. The person I should wish to be appointed is Lieutenant Bio d get. If it was put in general orders, that passes signed by him should be deemed authentic, as if signed by me, it would leave me at liberty to pursue the more important employments of my station.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (July 1776)

“Every man feels himself wounded, where he finds himself neglected, and that in proportion as he is conscious of endeavouring to merit attention. I shall be satisfied with any measure that the Congress shall take, that has not a direct tendency to degrade me in the public estimation. A measure of that sort would sink me in my own esteem, and render me spiritless and uneasy in my situation, and consequently unfit for the service.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (May 1776)

“I have repeatedly mentioned to your Excellency, for some months past, that the supplies of money furnished the department were very unequal to the current expenses. I have all along flattered myself that affairs would take a new and more favorable turn. As Congress were deliberating upon the subject of finance, I was led to believe that the schemes and plans they were adopting would afford more ample relief; and have encouraged the agents, under such an expectation, to proceed in the execution of the business. They have been enabled to extend their credit thus far, so as to keep the wheels in motion, hoping not to fail until government could find ways and means for furnishing us with cash more adequate to the demands.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (January 1780)

“The science or art of war requires a freedom of thought, and leisure to reflect upon the various incidents that daily occur, which cannot be had where the whole of one's time is engrossed in clerical employments. The time devoted to this employment is not the only injury I feel; but it confines my thoughts as well as engrosses my time. It is like a merchandise of small wares.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (July 1776)

“There being several strong fortifications in and about King's Bridge, if the enemy should throw in a thousand or fifteen hundred men,, they could cut off our communication effectually; and, as the state of the barracks is, they would find exceeding good cover for the men. But if we were to take the barracks down, if the boards were not removed, it would, in a great measure, deprive them of that advantage. However, I have not had it in my power to do either as yet.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (24 October 1776)

“I had but very little prospect, from my own application, of obtaining the necessary supplies of cash. What additional influence your Excellency's letter will give to my reasons and representation, time only can manifest.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (24 April 1779)

“The fortifications here are so strong, and the garrison will be so numerous, that I think we have but little to fear, either from a surprise or storm; and therefore we have only to guard against an investiture or siege.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (November 1779)

“Your Excellency's favor of the 21st came to hand the evening of the 25th.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (August 1778)

“I should be glad to know your Excellency's mind about holding all the ground from King's Bridge to the lower lines. If we attempt to hold the ground, the garrison must still be reenforced; but if the garrison is to draw into Mount Washington, and only keep that, the number of troops on the Island is too large.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (31 October 1776)

“We are not able to determine, with any certainty, whether those troops, that have taken post above King's Bridge, are the same troops or not that were in or about Haerlem. Several days past they clisap-peared from below, all at once, and some little time after about fifty boats, full of men, were seen going up towards Hunt's Point, and that evening the enemy were discovered at Fort Independence. We suspect them to be the same troops that were engaged in the Sunday skirmish.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (31 October 1776)

“The late affray that happened in this place, between the people of the town and those of the fleet, has been found to originate from a parcel of soldiers belonging to the Convention troops, and a party of British sailors which were engaged on board a privateer. The secret enemies to our cause, and the British officers in the neighbourhood of this place, are endeavouring to sow the seeds of discord as much as possible between the inhabitants of the place and the French belonging to the fleet. The French officers are well satisfied this is the state of the case, and it fills them with double resentment against the British. The Admiral and all the French officers are now upon an exceeding good footing with the gentlemen of the town. General Hancock takes unwearied pains to promote a good understanding with the French officers. His house is full from morning till night.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (September 1778)

“I hope your Excellency will not think this application results from a lazy habit, or a desire to free myself from business. Far from it. I am never more happy than when I am honorably or usefully employed. If your Excellency thinks I can promote the service as much in this employment as in any other, I shall cheerfully execute the business, without the least murmur.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (July 1776)

“We have not collected an account of the killed and wounded, but we judge our loss amounts to between two and three hundred, and that of the enemy, to much more.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (August 1778)

“As I have your Excellency's permission, I shall order General Stephen on as far as Aquackanock, at least. That is an important pass. I am fortifying it as fast as possible.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (9 October 1776)

“Your Excellency will find, after detaching a proper force for this place, a covering party for the State of Connecticut, and the other necessary guards for King's Ferry, stores, and posts of communication, your force will be greatly inferior to that of the enemy; and it will be growing more and more so as the service of the soldiers expires. It will be necessary, therefore, to endeavour to remedy, by the strength of ground, the deficiency of force.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (November 1779)

“The outguards report nothing worthy your Excellency's notice this morning.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (July 1776)

“I have wrote circular letters to all the deputies in my department on the east side of the Susquehanna, to enlist as many wagoners as they possibly can by the middle of next month; and to have all the pub lic teams forwarded so as to be in camp by that time. I expect our wagon-horses will fall short, as our agents have but a scanty supply of money. However, I will do the best I can.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (24 April 1779)

“My present opinion favors the following disposition of the troops for winter-quarters. The garrison here should consist of Patterson's, Learned's, Clinton's, and the North Carolina brigades, which, I believe, will forma force sufficient for the purpose. If the horse is posted in Connecticut, as seems to be thought on, I think the troops coming from Rhode Island, in con junction with the horse, will form a sufficient covering party for the exposed parts of Connecticut and Westchester. I would only wish Clinton's brigade to be here, because it may interest the inhabitants to furnish supplies in the winter, and to encourage the militia to turn out with spirit, should the enemy make a sudden move towards the post. The connection between the army and country will have an influence in both these respects.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (November 1779)

“As the enemy have the advantage of a water transportation, and the spring is the most difficult part of the year for a land conveyance, it is most probable, if they have any designs upon this post, they will commence their operations before the grass season. Will it not be worth while, therefore, to form a small magazine of provision and forage, at or near Mr. Erskine's Iron Works, for the purpose of subsisting the army on their march to this place? And another considerable magazine of provision and forage at Chester or Warwick for the support of this army in whatever position it may take for the relief of this garrison? These magazines should be formed from the westward, in the winter season, when there is the least call for transportation, and the roads the most favorable for the purpose.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (November 1779)

“I had a letter from the Marquis, day before yester day. He writes me he is endeavouring to represent every thing in the most favorable colors to the Court of France, in order to wipe away the prejudices that the letters of some of the more indiscreet may make upon that Court, All the French officers are extravagantly fond of your Excellency; but the Admiral more so than any of the rest. They all speak of you with the highest reverence and respect. General Hancock made the Admiral a present of your picture. He was going to receive it on board the fleet by the firing a royal salute. But General Hancock thought it might furnish a handle for some of the speculative politicians to remark the danger of characters becoming too important. He therefore dissuaded the Admiral from carrying the matter into execution.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (September 1778)

“I am determined to defend my rights and maintain my freedom or sell my life in the attempt.”

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Nathanael Greene

As quoted in Conflict of conviction: a reappraisal of Quaker involvement in the American Revolution (1990), by William C. Kashatus, p. 45

“Seventy sail of transports and ships fell down to Red Hook. They were bound for Rhode Island, and had on board about three thousand troops. They also inform, that after the Sunday action an officer of Distinction was brought into the city, badly wounded.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (31 October 1776)

“I believe it has been a received opinion, that I was so very fond of the emoluments of the Quarter master's office, that nothing but absolute necessity would induce me to quit it, I will not deny but that the profits are flattering to my fortune, but not less humbling to my military pride; and he who has entertained such sentiments is a stranger to my feelings. While I had a prospect of pleasing your Excellency, the army, and the Congress, the service was agreeable; but if a combination of circumstances changes these prospects, nothing shall induce me to continue in the business, even if the profits were made five times as large as they are.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (24 April 1779)

“In this position a warm cannonade commenced, and lasted for several hours, with continual skirmishes in front of both lines. About two o'clock the enemy began to advance in force upon our right, as if they intended to dislodge us from the advanced redoubt. I had the command of the right wing. After advancing four regiments, and finding the enemy still gaining ground, I advanced with two more regiments of regular troops, and a brigade of militia, and at the same time General Sullivan ordered Colonel Livings ton, with the light troops under his command, to advance.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (August 1778)

“I flatter myself, when your Excellency takes a, view of the state things were in when I first engaged, and consider the short time we had to make the preparations for the opening campaign, and reflect with what ease and facility you began your march from Valley Forge, and continued it all through the country r notwithstanding we went great part of the way entirely out of the line of preparations, you will do me the justice to say I have not been negligent or inattentive to my duty.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (July 1778)

“Our approaches were pushed on with great spirit, while we had any hopes of the fleet cooperating with us; but the people lost all relish for digging, after that. People are very anxious to hear the issue of General Lee's trial. Various are the conjectures; but everybody agrees he is not acquitted.”

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Nathanael Greene

Letter to George Washington (August 1778)

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