“The main purpose of most genes in the human genome is regulating the expression of other genes in the genome.”

—  Matt Ridley , book Genome

Source: Genome (1999), Chapter 10 “Stress” (p. 150)

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Matt Ridley 65
economist 1958

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“Patterns of gene expression are to organisms as melodies and harmonies are to sonatas.”

Source: The Sacred Depths of Nature (1998), p. 59
Context: Patterns of gene expression are to organisms as melodies and harmonies are to sonatas. It's all about which sets of proteins appear in a cell at the same time (the chords) and which sets come before or after other sets (the themes) and at what rate they appear (the tempos) and how they modulate one another (the developments and transitions). When these patterns go awry we may see malignancy. When they change by mutation we can get new kinds of organisms. When they work, we get a creature.

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“Buchnera only have 600 genes, compared to about 4,000 or 5,000 for E. coli … This is a recurring pattern in the genomes of both bacterial symbionts and pathogens, but why do they get so small? … while part of the reduction is due to adaptation, a lot of it just reflects genetic drift … It's just a consequence of long-term evolution in a restricted environment with small population sizes.”

Nancy A. Moran (1954) American biologist

as quoted by Nick Zagorski in: [Profile of Nancy A. Moran, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 22 November 2005, 102, 47, 16916–16918, 10.1073/pnas.0508498102, http://www.pnas.org/content/102/47/16916]

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