“While the founding fathers agonized over the question 'particle' or 'wave', de Broglie in 1925 proposed the obvious answer 'particle' and 'wave'. Is it not clear from the smallness of the scintillation on the screen that we have to do with a particle? And is it not clear, from the diffraction and interference patterns, that the motion of the particle is directed by a wave? De Broglie showed in detail how the motion of a particle, passing through just one of two holes in screen, could be influenced by waves propagating through both holes. And so influenced that the particle does not go where the waves cancel out, but is attracted to where they cooperate. This idea seems to me so natural and simple, to resolve the wave-particle dilemma in such a clear and ordinary way, that it is a great mystery to me that it was so generally ignored.”

—  John S. Bell

"Six Possible Worlds of Quantum Mechanics" (1986), included in Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics (1987), p. 191

Adopted from Wikiquote. Last update June 3, 2021. History

Help us to complete the source, original and additional information

Do you have more details about the quote "While the founding fathers agonized over the question 'particle' or 'wave', de Broglie in 1925 proposed the obvious ans…" by John S. Bell?
John S. Bell photo
John S. Bell 19
Northern Irish physicist 1928–1990

Related quotes

Marvin Minsky photo

“We learn to see gases and fluids as particles, particles as waves, and waves as envelopes of growing spheres.”

Marvin Minsky (1927–2016) American cognitive scientist

Jokes and their Relation to the Cognitive Unconscious (1980)
Context: All intelligent persons also possess some larger-scale frame-systems whose members seemed at first impossibly different — like water with electricity, or poetry with music. Yet many such analogies — along with the knowledge of how to apply them — are among our most powerful tools of thought. They explain our ability sometimes to see one thing — or idea — as though it were another, and thus to apply knowledge and experience gathered in one domain to solve problems in another. It is thus that we transfer knowledge via the paradigms of Science. We learn to see gases and fluids as particles, particles as waves, and waves as envelopes of growing spheres.

“At first it might seem that quantum mechanics (QM), which began with Einstein's photon as the explanation for the photoelectric effect in 1905, goes further in the direction of discreteness. But the wave-particle duality discovered by de Broglie in 1925 is at the heart of QM, which means that this theory is profoundly ambiguous regarding the question of discreteness vs. continuity. QM can have its cake and eat it too, because discreteness is modeled via standing waves (eigenfunctions) in a continuous medium.”

Gregory Chaitin (1947) Argentinian mathematician and computer scientist

How real are real numbers? https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0411418 arXiv:math/0411418v3 (2004). p. 12

Vanna Bonta photo

“What appears to us solid is ultimately both a particle and a wavelength, and on that realm everything behaves as both a particle and a wave.”

Vanna Bonta (1958–2014) Italian-American writer, poet, inventor, actress, voice artist (1958-2014)

Vanna Bonta Talks About Quantum fiction: Author Interview (2007)

Martin Gardner photo

“For a moment the waves and particles dance in grotesque, inconceivably complex patterns capable of reflecting on their own absurdity.”

Martin Gardner (1914–2010) recreational mathematician and philosopher

Introduction to The Annotated Alice (1960) // The Annotated Alice. The Definitive Edition (1999), by Lewis Carroll (Author, Christ Church College, Oxford), John Tenniel (Illustrated by), Martin Gardner (Editor, Introduction and notes by), page viii
Context: The last level of metaphor in the Alice books is this: that life, viewed rationally and without illusion, appears to be a nonsense tale told by an idiot mathematician. At the heart of things science finds only a mad, never-ending quadrille of Mock Turtle Waves and Gryphon Particles. For a moment the waves and particles dance in grotesque, inconceivably complex patterns capable of reflecting on their own absurdity.

John Tyndall photo

“Life is a wave, which in no two consecutive moments of its existence is composed of the same particles.”

John Tyndall (1820–1893) British scientist

Vitality.
Fragments of Science, Vol. II (1879)

“… still many physicists are convinced to "see" the particle in a cloud chamber or on a scintillation screen, therefore accepting classical particle coordinates as pieces of reality. But what one concludes to see depends on the chosen model of reality, and this model can only be judged by its success in consistently and economically describing the observations”

H. Dieter Zeh (1932–2018) German physicist

therefore interpolating between them
Information and determinism, Epist. Letters (Ferdinand Gonseth Association) (1980) 49.0.

Newton Lee photo

“One God, multiple manifestations – in both the spiritual realm and the physical world – just as Albert Einstein wrote about the wave-particle duality of light.”

Newton Lee American computer scientist

Google It: Total Information Awareness, 2016

Stephen Hawking photo

“Maybe that is our mistake: maybe there are no particle positions and velocities, but only waves. It is just that we try to fit the waves to our preconceived ideas of positions and velocities. The resulting mismatch is the cause of the apparent unpredictability.”

Stephen Hawking book A Brief History of Time

Source: A Brief History of Time (1988), Ch. 12

David Bohm photo

“The quantum theory, as it is now constituted, presents us with a very great challenge, if we are at all interested in such a venture, for in quantum physics there is no consistent notion at all of what the reality may be that underlies the universal constitution and structure of matter. Thus, if we try to use the prevailing world view based on the notions of particles, we discover that the 'particles' (such as electrons) can also manifest as waves, that they move discontinuously, that there are no laws at all that apply in detail to the actual movements of individual particles and that only statistical predictions can be made about large aggregates of such particles. If on the other hand we apply the world view in which the world is regarded as a continuous field, we find that this field must also be discontinuous, as well as particle-like, and that it is as undermined in its actual behaviour as is required in the particle view of relation as a whole.”

David Bohm book Wholeness and the Implicate Order

Wholeness and the Implicate Order (1980)

Louis de Broglie photo

“Assuming that the particle has an internal vibration which allows to assimilate it to a small clock, I supposed that the clock was traveling with the wave in such a way that its internal vibration remained constantly in phase with the wave's : this is the phase matching postulate.”

Louis de Broglie (1892–1987) French physicist

Admettant que la particule possède une vibration interne qui permet de l'assimiler à une petite horloge, je supposais que cette horloge se déplaçait dans son onde de façon que sa vibration interne reste constamment en phase avec celle de l'onde : c'est le postulat de l'accord des phases.
Sur les véritables idées de base de la mécanique ondulatoire, Louis de Broglie, C. R. Acad. Sci., 277, série B, 1973, p. 71-73.

Related topics