“Neither Lynn Margulis nor I have ever proposed a teleological hypothesis. Nowhere in our writing do we express the idea that planetary self-regulation is purposeful, or involves planetary foresight or planning by the biota. …Yet we met persistent, almost dogmatic, criticism that our hypothesis is teleological.”

—  James E. Lovelock

Healing Gaia (1991)

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James E. Lovelock 16
independent scientist, environmentalist and futurist 1919

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