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Stephen A. Douglas cytaty

Stephen Arnold Douglas – amerykański polityk, od 1833 adwokat w Illinois, w latach 1843–1847 członek Izby Reprezentantów Stanów Zjednoczonych, w latach 1847–1861 senator Stanów Zjednoczonych, kandydat demokratów na prezydenta w 1860 roku. W 1854 roku wystąpił z kontrowersyjnym projektem Ustawy o Kansas i Nebrasce.

Z powodu niskiego wzrostu, ale potężnej budowy zwany był „Małym Olbrzymem” .

W 1858 startując w Illinois w wyborach do Senatu wziął udział w siedmiu debatach z kontrkandydatem Abrahamem Lincolnem, przeciwnikiem niewolnictwa. Douglas zachwalał suwerenność ludową , dzięki której ludność sama decyduje czy niewolnictwo w jakimś terytorium lub stanie jest legalne. Lincoln wytknął, że ta zasada koliduje z decyzją Sądu Najwyższego w sprawie Dreda Scotta, respektowaną przez Partię Demokratyczną z ramienia której kandydował rozmówca. Douglas utrzymywał, że ludność może o tym zdecydować bez względu na wyrok Sądu Najwyższego.

Wobec twierdzenia Douglasa o niższości rasy czarnej, Lincoln odrzekł nie ma absolutnie żadnego powodu, aby Murzyn nie mógł korzystać na równi z człowiekiem białym ze wszystkich praw naturalnych wymienionych w Deklaracji Niepodległości: z prawa do życia, wolności i dążenia do szczęścia [...]. Zgadzam się z sędzią Douglasem, że Murzyn nie jest mi równy pod wielu względami, z pewnością nie pod względem koloru i może nie pod względem poziomu moralnego lub intelektualnego. Ale w prawie jedzenia chleba [...], na który zapracuje własnymi rękami, jest mi równy i równy sędziemu Douglasowi oraz równy każdemu żyjącemu człowiekowi.

Douglas wygrał wprawdzie wybory, lecz stracił poparcie na Południu, co przyczyniło się do jego przegranej w wyborach prezydenckich 1860 i wygranej Lincolna. Wikipedia  

✵ 23. Kwiecień 1813 – 3. Czerwiec 1861
Stephen A. Douglas Fotografia
Stephen A. Douglas: 10   Cytatów 0   Polubień

Stephen A. Douglas: Cytaty po angielsku

“Thus you see, that when addressing the Chicago Abolitionists he declared that all distinctions of race must be discarded and blotted out, because the negro stood on an equal footing with the white man; that if one man said the Declaration of Independence did not mean a negro when it declared all men created equal, that another man would say that it did not mean another man; and hence we ought to discard all difference between the negro race and all other races, and declare them all created equal”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Sixth Lincoln-Douglas debate https://cwcrossroads.wordpress.com/2011/01/18/race-and-slavery-north-and-south-some-logical-fallacies/#comment-47553, (13 October 1860), Quincy, Illinois
1860s
Kontekst: You know that in his Charleston speech, an extract from which he has read, he declared that the negro belongs to an inferior race; is physically inferior to the white man, and should always be kept in an inferior position. I will now read to you what he said at Chicago on that point. In concluding his speech at that place, he remarked, 'My friends, I have detained you about as long as I desire to do, and I have only to say let us discard all this quibbling about this man and the other man-this race and that race, and the other race being inferior, and therefore they must be placed in an inferior position, discarding our standard that we have left us. Let us discard all these things, and unite as one people throughout this land until we shall once more stand up declaring that all men are created equal'. Thus you see, that when addressing the Chicago Abolitionists he declared that all distinctions of race must be discarded and blotted out, because the negro stood on an equal footing with the white man; that if one man said the Declaration of Independence did not mean a negro when it declared all men created equal, that another man would say that it did not mean another man; and hence we ought to discard all difference between the negro race and all other races, and declare them all created equal.

“I hold that a Negro is not and never ought to be a citizen of the United States. I hold that this government was made on the white basis; made by the white men, for the benefit of white men and their posterity forever, and should be administered by white men and none others.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

In 1858 http://stoprepublicans.blogspot.com/2008/06/democrats-held-these-words-to-be-self.html
1850s

“Lincoln maintains there that the Declaration of Independence asserts that the negro is equal to the white man, and that under Divine law, and if he believes so it was rational for him to advocate negro citizenship, which, when allowed, puts the negro on an equality under the law. I say to you in all frankness, gentlemen, that in my opinion a negro is not a citizen, cannot be, and ought not to be, under the Constitution of the United States. I will not even qualify my opinion to meet the declaration of one of the Judges of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case, “that a negro descended from African parents, who was imported into this country as a slave is not a citizen, and cannot be.” I say that this Government was established on the white basis. It was made by white men, for the benefit of white men and their posterity forever, and never should be administered by any except white men. I declare that a negro ought not to be a citizen, whether his parents were imported into this country as slaves or not, or whether or not he was born here. It does not depend upon the place a negro’s parents were born, or whether they were slaves or not, but upon the fact that he is a negro, belonging to a race incapable of self-government, and for that reason ought not to be on an equality with white men.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Fourth Lincoln-Douglass Debate http://www.nps.gov/liho/learn/historyculture/debate4.htm (September 1858)
1850s

“Slavery is not the only question which comes up in this controversy. There is a far more important one to you, and that is, What shall be done with the free negro? We have settled the slavery question as far as we are concerned; we have prohibited it in Illinois forever; and in doing so, I think we have done wisely, and there is no man in the State who would be more strenuous in his opposition to the introduction of slavery than I would; but when we settled it for ourselves, we exhausted all our power over that subject. We have done our whole duty, and can do no more. We must leave each and every other State to decide for itself the same question. In relation to the policy to be pursued toward the free negroes, we have said that they shall not vote; whilst Maine, on the other hand, has said that they shall vote. Maine is a sovereign State, and has the power to regulate the qualifications of voters within her limits. I would never consent to confer the right of voting and of citizenship upon a negro; but still I am not going to quarrel with Maine for differing from me in opinion. Let Maine take care of her own negroes and fix the qualifications of her own voters to suit herself, without interfering with Illinois, and Illinois will not interfere with Maine.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Speech in Ottawa, Illinois http://www.bartleby.com/251/11.html (21 August 1858)
1850s

“If there is any one principle dearer and more sacred than all others in free governments, it is that which asserts the exclusive right of a free people to form and adopt their own fundamental law, and to manage and regulate their own internal affairs and domestic institutions.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Speech in Chicago, Illinois http://www.bartleby.com/251/1002.html (9 July 1858)
1850s

“I do not regard the Negro as my equal, and positively deny that he is my brother, or any kin to me whatever.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Lincoln-Douglas Debates http://www.nps.gov/liho/learn/historyculture/debate1.htm (21 August 1858)
1850s

“Mr. Lincoln simply contented himself at the outset by saying, that he was not in favor of social and political equality between the white man and the negro, and did not desire the law so changed as to make the latter voters or eligible to office. I am glad that I have at last succeeded in getting an answer out of him upon this question of negro citizenship and eligibility to office, for I have been trying to bring him to the point on it ever since this canvass commenced.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Fourth Lincoln-Douglass Debate http://www.nps.gov/liho/learn/historyculture/debate4.htm (September 1858)
1850s

“There are only two sides to this question. Every man must be for the United States or against it. There can be no neutrals in this war; only patriots and traitors.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Last public speech before his death, Chicago, Illinois (1 May 1861)
1860s

“The framers of the Constitution well understood that each locality, having separate and distinct interests, required separate and distinct laws, domestic institutions, and police regulations adapted to its own wants and its own condition; and they acted on the presumption, also, that these laws and institutions would be as diversified and as dissimilar as the States would be numerous, and that no two would be precisely alike, because the interests of no two would be precisely the same.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Speech in Chicago, Illinois (9 July 1858)
1850s

“Abolitionism proposes to destroy the right and extinguish the principle of self-government for which our forefathers waged a seven years' bloody war, and upon which our system of free government is founded.”

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Stephen A. Douglas

Speech in the Senate (3 March 1854)
1850s

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