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John Morley, 1. wicehrabia Morley cytaty
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John Morley, 1. wicehrabia Morley of Blackburn OM – brytyjski polityk i literat, członek Partii Liberalnej, minister w rządach Williama Ewarta Gladstone’a, lorda Rosebery’ego, Henry’ego Campbella-Bannermana i Herberta Henry’ego Asquitha.

Wykształcenie odebrał w Cheltenham College, następnie na University College School oraz Lincoln College na Uniwersytecie Oksfordzkim. Uczelnię opuścił bez tytułu naukowego po kłótni z ojcem, który chciał, aby John poświęcił się karierze duchownej. Następnie Morley był redaktorem „Fortnightly Review” w latach 1867–1882 oraz „Pall Mall Gazette” w latach 1880–1883.

Karierę polityczną rozpoczął w 1883 r. jako liberalny członek Izby Gmin z okręgu Newcastle upon Tyne. W 1886 r. oraz w latach 1892–1895 był Głównym Sekretarzem Irlandii. Po wyborach 1895 r. utracił mandat parlamentarny. Do Izby Gmin powrócił już rok później, wygrywając wybory uzupełniające w okręgu Montrose Burghs. W kolejnych latach poświęcił się głównie pracy literackiej. Napisał szereg wytwornych szkiców, książki o Wolterze, Rousseau, Diderocie, Burkiem, Cromwellu itd., „Collected Works” .

Po powrocie liberałów do władzy w 1895 r. został ministrem ds. Indii. Za jego urzędowania pierwsi Hindusi weszli w skład Rady Indii oraz podjęto pierwsze kroki mające doprowadzić do przyznania Indiom samorządu. W 1908 r. Morley otrzymał tytuł 1. wicehrabiego Morley of Blackburn i zasiadł w Izbie Lordów. W latach 1910–1914 był Lordem Przewodniczącym Rady. W 1914 r. ustąpił ze stanowiska, będąc przeciwnikiem wojny z Niemcami.

Lord Morley zmarł w 1923 r. Od maja 1870 r. był żonaty z Rose Ayling, ale nie doczekał się potomstwa. Wraz z jego śmiercią wygasł tytuł parowski. Wikipedia  

✵ 24. Grudzień 1838 – 23. Wrzesień 1923
John Morley, 1. wicehrabia Morley Fotografia
John Morley, 1. wicehrabia Morley: 37 cytatów0 Polubień

John Morley, 1. wicehrabia Morley: Cytaty po angielsku

“Whether France or Italy or Germany or England has made the greatest contribution in the history of modern civilisation—however that speculative controversy may be settled, this at least is certain, that those are not wrong who hold that Germany's high and strict standard of competency, the purity and vigour of her administration of affairs, her splendid efforts and great success in all branches of science, her glories—for glories they are—in art and literature, and the fixed strength of character and duty in the German people entitle her national ideals to a supreme place among the greatest-ideals that now animate and guide the world. Do not let us forget all that. German ambition is a perfectly intelligible and even lofty ambition.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Speech https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1911/nov/28/morocco#column_384 in the House of Lords during the Agadir Crisis (28 November 1911) <br class="br">1910s

“There has been a great deal of talk about raising class prejudice. I dislike class prejudice. ... There has been no feeling of class prejudice in my mind; but, my Lords, there is a worse thing than class prejudice, and that is race or national prejudice. We have not had much of it, in fact I may say almost none of it, here. Still is it not true that the cry which is going to be loudly invoked in this election, the Irish cry, depends upon race and national prejudice? Talk of class prejudice. The classes will take care of themselves, I trust. The English working man in my view—and I represented a great and important group of them for many years—is not in the least a Phrygian with a red cap, though some of his fellows may talk in that vein.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Speech https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1910/nov/24/relations-of-the-two-houses#column_992 in the House of Lords (24 November 1910). The Phrygian cap was a symbol of the French Revolution <br class="br">1910s

“Had they thought of the relations between Imperialism and social reform? Could we continue this process of territorial expansion with our increasing Budgets? What we wanted was resolute and sustained attention to strengthening our industrial position. What was the use of conquering new markets when it was as much as we could do to hold the markets which we had already? (Cheers.) As to the Liberal policy...the day when the Liberal party forsook its old principles of peace, economy, and reform the Liberal party would have to disband and to disappear. (Cheers.) The Socialists would take its place. ... [I]f he were to choose between the Socialist and the Militarist, with all his random aims, his profusion of national resources, his disregard for the rights and feelings of other people, he himself declared he considered the Socialist's standards were higher and their means were no less wise.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Cheers.

Speech to the Palmerston Club, Oxford (9 June 1900), quoted in The Times (11 June 1900), p. 3
1900s

“But are you so sure...that when Ulster, or the corner of Ulster knows that Great Britain has made up its mind that there is to be an effective, a real self-government in Ireland—are you so sure Ulster will turn its back upon Ireland and claim to be excluded from such Government? (“No.”) I do not believe it. ... I say that a good deal of this zeal for Ulster is artificial.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Speech to the National Reform Union in Manchester (6 July 1887), quoted in The Times (7 July 1887), p. 7
1880s

“Some think that we are approaching a critical moment in the history of Liberalism. ... We hear of a divergence of old Liberalism and new. ... The terrible new school, we hear, are for beginning operations by dethroning Gladstonian finance. They are for laying hands on the sacred ark. But did any one suppose that the fiscal structure which was reared in 1853 was to last for ever, incapable of improvement, and guaranteed to need no repair? ... Another heresy is imputed to this new school which fixes a deep gulf between the wicked new Liberals and the virtuous old. We are adjured to try freedom first before we try interference of the State. That is a captivating formula, but it puzzles me to find that the eminent statesman who urges us to lay this lesson to heart is strongly in favour of maintaining the control of the State over the Church? But is State interference an innovation? I thought that for 30 years past Liberals had been as much in favour as other people of this protective legislation. ... [O]ther countries have tried freedom and it is just because we have decided that freedom in such a case is only a fine name for neglect, and have tried State supervision, that we have saved our industrial population from the waste, destruction, destitution, and degradation that would otherwise have overtaken them. ... In short, gentlemen, I am not prepared to allow that the Liberty and the Property Defence League are the only people with a real grasp of Liberal principles, that Lord Bramwell and the Earl of Wemyss are the only Abdiels of the Liberal Party.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Annual presidential address to the Junior Liberal Association of Glasgow (10 February 1885), quoted in 'Mr. John Morley At Glasgow', The Times (11 February 1885), p. 10
1880s

“The evils of a military system, which, after all, every day must attenuate, are light compared with the evils of an anarchic conservatism reinstated in central Europe. Divided Germany means preponderating Russia. What can be more desirable in the interests of the highest civilisation than the interposition in the heart of the European state-system, of a powerful, industrious, intelligent, and progressive people, between the western nations and the half-barbarous Russian swarms? To the careful observer of the history of modern Europe it is plain that increasing vigour and self-conscious strength in Germany are other words for the spread eastwards of the best of those ideas, the most durable of those civilising elements, in which the difference of historic development has enabled England and France to anticipate her.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

Fortnightly Review (September 1870), p. 371
1870s

“In the American civil war partisanship with the sides there was the veil of a kind of civil war here. An unspoken instinct revealed to mutually hostile classes in England that their battle also was being fought in the contest between the free North and the slave-holding South. The triumph of the North, as has been often remarked, was the force that made English liberalism powerful enough to enfranchise the workmen, depose official Christianity in Ireland, and deal a first blow at the landlords.”

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John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn

‘England and the War’, The Fortnightly Review, No. XLVI (1 October 1870), quoted in John Morley (ed.), The Fortnightly Review, Vol. VIII. New Series (1 July to 1 December 1870), p. 479
1870s