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Geoffrey West cytaty

Geoffrey West – brytyjski fizyk

W wieku 13 lat przeniósł się do Londynu. W 1961 r. uzyskał tytuł magistra fizyki na Uniwersytecie Cambridge, a następnie kontynuował studia w Stanford w Kalifornii gdzie w 1966 r. uzyskał tytuł dr . Ostatecznie został członkiem wydziału, zanim przystąpił do grupy teorii cząstki w Los Alamos National Laboratory, w Nowym Meksyku. W końcu stanął na czele Instytutu Santa Fe, gdzie pracuje nad problemami związanymi z biologią. Członek Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Fizycznego. Autor kilku książek i wydawca "Komentarzy do Biologii Teoretycznej" . Został uhonorowany przez tygodnik Time, w kategorii "Time 100" - "Ludzie, którzy kształtują nasz świat".

Wraz z Jimem Brownem i Brianem Enquistem prostą formułą matematyczną wyraził korelację pomiędzy rozmiarami organizmu a przeciętnym okresem jego życia. Przede wszystkim czas życia związany jest ściśle z częstotliwością pulsu. Każde obdarzone sercem zwierzę ma przez całe życie do dyspozycji mniej więcej tę samą liczbę uderzeń serca - około jednego miliarda. Puls małych zwierząt jest jednak znacznie szybszy niż zwierząt dużych. Okazuje się, że szybkość bicia serca różnych organizmów daje się wyrazić jako stosunek ich mas podniesiony do potęgi minus 1/4. Na przykład kot, który jest około 100 razy masywniejszy od myszy, ma puls wolniejszy od niej o czwarty pierwiastek ze 100 - czyli około 3,2 razy. Żyje też ok. trzy razy dłużej. Wikipedia  

✵ 15. Grudzień 1940
Geoffrey West Fotografia
Geoffrey West: 12   Cytatów 0   Polubień

Geoffrey West: Cytaty po angielsku

“It’s hard to kill a city, but easy to kill a company.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Austin Brown. " Geoffrey B. West, 'Why Cities Keep on Growing, Corporations Always Die, and Life Gets Faster' http://blog.longnow.org/02011/07/26/geoffrey-b-west-%E2%80%9Cwhy-cities-keep-on-growing-corporations-always-die-and-life-gets-faster%E2%80%9D/." at blog.longnow.org, July 26th, 2011.

“I’ve always wanted to find the rules that govern everything. It’s amazing that such rules exist. It’s even more amazing that we can find them.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Jonah Lehredec. " A Physicist Solves the City http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/19/magazine/19Urban_West-t.html?pagewanted=5&_r=1," in www.nytimes.com. Dec 17, 2010.

“The paradigm of physics - with its interplay of data, theory and prediction - is the most powerful in science.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Joao Medeiros. " The city in numbers: An equation that explains urban life http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2011/05/start/the-city-in-numbers," in wired.co.uk/magazine 29 March 2011.

“You could not have evolved a complex system like a city or an organism - with an enormous number of components - without the emergence of laws that constrain their behavior in order for them to be resilient.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Ben Lillie. " The sameness of organisms, cities, and corporations: Q&A with Geoffrey West http://blog.ted.com/qa-with-geoffrey-west/." at blog.ted.com. July 26, 2011.

“Humanity has just crossed a major landmark in its history with the majority of people now living in cities. Cities have long been known to be society's predominant engine of innovation and wealth creation, yet they are also its main source of crime, pollution, and disease. The inexorable trend toward urbanization worldwide presents an urgent challenge for developing a predictive, quantitative theory of urban organization and sustainable development”

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Geoffrey West

Bettencourt, L. M., Lobo, J., Helbing, D., Kühnert, C., & West, G. B. (2007). " Growth, innovation, scaling, and the pace of life in cities http://www.pnas.org/content/104/17/7301.long." Proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 104(17), 7301–7306.
2000s

“Once we started to urbanize, we put ourselves on this treadmill. We traded away stability for growth. And growth requires change.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Jonah Lehredec. " A Physicist Solves the City http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/19/magazine/19Urban_West-t.html?pagewanted=5&_r=1," in www.nytimes.com. Dec 17, 2010.

“Everything around us is scale dependent. It's woven into the fabric of the universe.”

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Geoffrey West

1990s
Źródło: George Johnson. " Of Mice and Elephants: A Matter of Scale http://hep.ucsb.edu/courses/ph6b_99/0111299sci-scaling.html," in: hep.ucsb.edu. Jan. 12, 1999.

“The good news is cities are extraordinarily resilient. The bad news is that they are also very hard to change.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Joao Medeiros. " The city in numbers: An equation that explains urban life http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2011/05/start/the-city-in-numbers," in wired.co.uk/magazine 29 March 2011.

“Every fundamental law has exceptions. But you still need the law or else all you have is observations that don’t make sense. And that’s not science. That’s just taking notes.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Robert Krulwich. " Nature Has A Formula That Tells Us When It's Time To Die http://www.npr.org/blogs/krulwich/2013/01/22/169976655/nature-has-a-formula-that-tells-us-when-its-time-to-die," at npr.org, Jan. 22, 2013.

“A human being at rest runs on 90 watts. That’s how much power you need just to lie down. And if you’re a hunter-gatherer and you live in the Amazon, you’ll need about 250 watts. That’s how much energy it takes to run about and find food. So how much energy does our lifestyle [in America] require? Well, when you add up all our calories and then you add up the energy needed to run the computer and the air-conditioner, you get an incredibly large number, somewhere around 11,000 watts. Now you can ask yourself: What kind of animal requires 11,000 watts to live? And what you find is that we have created a lifestyle where we need more watts than a blue whale. We require more energy than the biggest animal that has ever existed. That is why our lifestyle is unsustainable. We can’t have seven billion blue whales on this planet. It’s not even clear that we can afford to have 300 million blue whales.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Jonah Lehredec. " A Physicist Solves the City http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/19/magazine/19Urban_West-t.html?pagewanted=5&_r=1," in www.nytimes.com. Dec 17, 2010.

“Cities are the crucible of civilization.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Austin Brown. " Geoffrey B. West, 'Why Cities Keep on Growing, Corporations Always Die, and Life Gets Faster' http://blog.longnow.org/02011/07/26/geoffrey-b-west-%E2%80%9Cwhy-cities-keep-on-growing-corporations-always-die-and-life-gets-faster%E2%80%9D/." at blog.longnow.org, July 26th, 2011.

“Economics hasn't had an Einstein because it hasn't had a Galileo yet.”

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Geoffrey West

2010s
Źródło: Ole Peters https://twitter.com/ole_b_peters/status/1213560029590278145, at Santa Fe Institute's New Complexity Economics Symposium https://wiki.santafe.edu/index.php/Annual_Applied_Complexity_Network_and_Board_of_Trustees_Symposium:_New_Complexity_Economics, Nov. 8-9, 2019.