“The Constitution requires an adoption in toto, and for ever.”

—  James Madison

1780s, Letter to Alexander Hamilton (1788)
Context: The Constitution requires an adoption in toto, and for ever. It has been so adopted by the other States. An adoption for a limited time would be as defective as an adoption of some of the articles only. In short any condition whatever must viciate the ratification. What the New Congress by virtue of the power to admit new States, may be able & disposed to do in such case, I do not enquire as I suppose that is not the material point at present. I have not a moment to add more than my fervent wishes for your success & happiness.

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James Madison 145
4th president of the United States (1809 to 1817) 1751–1836

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