Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1918–2007) American historian
Source: The Visible Hand (1977), p. 87.
Source: The Visible Hand (1977), p. 236; Cited in: Best (1990, p. 48).
Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1918–2007) American historian
Source: The Visible Hand (1977), p. 87.
Philip Kotler (1931) American marketing author, consultant and professor
Philip Kotler (1993), as cited in: Gerald A. Cole (2003), Strategic Management, p. 131
Douglas McGregor (1906–1964) American professor
Source: The Human Side of Enterprise (1960), p. 178
James Meade (1907–1995) British economist
Source: The balance of payments, 1951, p. 106; As cited in: Metaxas & Weber (2013, p. 20)
Tom Burns (1913–2001) British sociologist
Source: The Management of Innovation, 1961, p. 5; as cited in: David Dugdale, Stephen Lyne. Budgeting Practice and Organisational Structure. Elsevier, 18 jan. 2010. p. 68-69
Context: In mechanistic systems the problems and tasks facing the concern as a whole are broken down into specialisms. Each individual pursues his task as something distinct from the real tasks of the concern as a whole, as if it were the subject of a subcontract. "Somebody at the top" is responsible for seeing to its relevance. The technical methods, duties, and powers attached to each functional role are precisely defined. Interaction within management tends to be vertical, i. e., between superior and subordinate... Management, often visualized as the complex hierarchy which is familiar in organization charts, operates a simple control system, with information flowing up through a succession of filters, and decisions and instructions flowing downwards through a succession of amplifiers.
Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901–1972) austrian biologist and philosopher
Source: 1950s, Problems of Life (1952, 1960), p. 52)
Ordway Tead (1891–1973) American academic
Ordway Tead (1945) Democratic administration. p. 67.
David C. McClelland (1917–1998) American psychological theorist
Source: The Archiving Society, 1961, p. 301
Daniel A. Wren (1932) American business theorist
Daniel A. Wren, "James D. Mooney and General Motors' Multinational Operations, 1922–1940." Business History Review 87.03 (2013): 515-543 : Article abstract