“When a people, having become free, establish wise laws, their revolution is complete.”
(Autumn 1792) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 264]
Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just was a military and political leader during the French Revolution. The youngest of the deputies elected to the National Convention in 1792, Saint-Just rose quickly in their ranks and became a major leader of the government of the French First Republic. He spearheaded the movement to execute King Louis XVI and later drafted the radical French Constitution of 1793.
He became a close friend of Maximilien Robespierre, and served with him as one of the commissioners of the Committee of Public Safety. Dispatched as a commissar to the army during its rocky start in the French Revolutionary Wars, Saint-Just imposed severe discipline, and he was credited by many for the army's subsequent revival at the front. Back in Paris, he supervised the consolidation of Robespierre's power through a ruthless and bloody program of intimidation. In his relatively brief time on the historical stage, he became the enduring public face of the Reign of Terror and was dubbed the "Angel of Death" by later writers. Saint-Just organized the arrests and prosecutions of many of the most famous figures of the Revolution.
Saint-Just was arrested in the violent episode of 9 Thermidor and executed the next day with Robespierre and their allies. In many histories of the Revolution, their deaths at the guillotine mark the end of the Reign of Terror.
“When a people, having become free, establish wise laws, their revolution is complete.”
(Autumn 1792) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 264]
“I am not of any faction, I will fight them all.”
Je ne suis d'aucune faction, je les combattrai toutes.
Discours pour la défense de Robespierre http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_defense_robespierre_27_07_94.htm, speech to the National Convention (July 27, 1794).
(October 10, 1793) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 2 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), pp. 83-88]
“Those who make revolutions by halves do nothing but dig their own tombs.”
(January 1793) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 414]
(1794) [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]
Speech to the National Convention (February 26, 1794). [Source: Charles Vellay (ed.), Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, Vol. 2 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), pp. 236-237]
Travaillons enfin pour le bonheur du peuple, et que les legislateurs qui doivent éclairer le monde prennent leur course d'un pied hardi, comme le soleil.
Speech to the National Convention (December 27, 1792). [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, Vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 383]
“You who make the laws, the vices and the virtues of the people will be your work.”
(Autumn 1792) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 380]
J’ai pensé que l’ordre social était dans la nature même des choses, et n’empruntait de l’esprit humain que le soin d’en mettre à leur place les éléments divers; qu’un peuple pouvait être gouverné sans être assujetti, sans être licencieux, et sans être opprimé; que l’homme naissait pour la paix et pour la liberté, et n’était malheureux et corrompu que par les lois insidieuses de la domination. Alors j’imaginai que si l’on donnait à l’homme des lois selon la nature et son cœur, il cesserait d’être malheureux et corrompu.
Discours sur la Constitution à donner à la France http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_constitution_24_04_93.htm, speech to the National Convention (April 24, 1793).
“I have not found a single good man in government; I have found good only in the people.”
On declaring the Minister of War, Charles François Dumouriez, a traitor (March 1793). [Source: David William Bates, Enlightenment aberrations: error and revolution in France (Cornell University Press, 2002), p. 169]
Fragment 10 (1794). [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]
(Autumn 1792) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 419]
Fragment 3 (1794). [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]
Le législateur commande à l’avenir; il ne lui sert de rien d’être faible: c’est à lui de vouloir le bien et de le perpétuer; c’est à lui de rendre les hommes ce qu’il veut qu’ils soient: selon que les lois animent le corps social, inerte par lui-même, il en résulte les vertus ou les crimes, les bonnes mœurs ou la férocité.
Discours sur la Constitution à donner à la France http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_constitution_24_04_93.htm, speech to the National Convention (April 24, 1793).
On ne peut point régner innocemment : la folie en est trop évidente. Tout roi est un rebelle et un usurpateur.
Sur le jugement de Louis XVI (1er discours) http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_jugement_louis16_1_13_11_92.htm, speech to the National Convention (November 13, 1792).
Speech to the National Convention (April 15, 1794). [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, Vol. 2 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 367]
Fragment 13 (1794). [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]
“Let Revolutionists be Romans, not Tatars.”
Speech to the National Convention (March 17, 1794). [Source: Saint-Just quoted in Eugene N. Curtis, Saint-Just: Colleague of Robespierre (New York: Octagon Books, 1973), p. 228]
“A nation regenerates itself only upon heaps of corpses.”
Saint-Just quoting Mirabeau before members of the Committee of Public Safety, October 17, 1793. [Source: Saint-Just quoted in Eugene N. Curtis, Saint-Just: Colleague of Robespierre (New York: Octagon Books, 1973), p. 236]
“Every political edict which is not based upon nature is wrong.”
(Autumn 1792) [Source: Oeuvres Complètes de Saint-Just, vol. 1 (2 vols., Paris, 1908), p. 306]
“Most arts have produced miracles, while the art of government has produced nothing but monsters.”
Tous les arts ont produit des merveilles: l'art de gouverner n'a produit que des monstres.
Discours sur la Constitution à donner à la France http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_constitution_24_04_93.htm, speech to the National Convention (April 24, 1793).
Fragment 3 (1794). [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]
“Dare! — this word contains all the politics of our revolution.”
Osez! — ce mot renferme toute la politique de notre révolution.
Speech to the National Convention (February 26, 1794) http://books.google.com/books?client=safari&rls=en&q=%22ce%20mot%20renferme%20toute%20la%20politique%20de%22&oe=UTF-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wp; though widely published in the above form, this has sometimes been misquoted in some recent publications http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_suspects_incarceres_26_02_94.htm as: Osez! — ce mot renferme toute la politique de votre révolution. [Dare! — this word contains all the politics of your revolution.]
“Happiness is a new idea in Europe.”
Le bonheur est une idée neuve en Europe.
Sur le mode d'exécution du décret contre les ennemis de la Révolution http://www.royet.org/nea1789-1794/archives/discours/stjust_decret_ennemis_revolution_03_03_94.htm, speech to the National Convention (March 3, 1794).
Fragment 3 (1794). [Source: Saint-Just, Fragments sur les institutions républicaines]