Arnold J. Toynbee: Civilization

Arnold J. Toynbee was British historian, author of A Study of History. Explore interesting quotes on civilization.
Arnold J. Toynbee: 34   quotes 0   likes

“Of the twenty or so civilizations known to modern Western historians, all except our own appear to be dead or moribund, and, when we diagnose each case, in extremis or post mortem, we invariably find that the cause of death has been either War or Class or some combination of the two.”

Arnold J. Toynbee

Civilization on Trial (1948), chapter 2, p. 23.
Context: Of the twenty or so civilizations known to modern Western historians, all except our own appear to be dead or moribund, and, when we diagnose each case, in extremis or post mortem, we invariably find that the cause of death has been either War or Class or some combination of the two. To date, these two plagues have been deadly enough, in partnership, to kill off nineteen out of twenty representatives of this recently evolved species of human society; but, up to now, the deadliness of these scourges has had a saving limit.

Death , War , Appearance , Dead

“On this showing, the nature of the breakdowns of civilizations can be summed up in three points: a failure of creative power in the minority, an answering withdrawal of mimesis on the part of the majority, and a consequent loss of social unity in the society as a whole.”

Arnold J. Toynbee book A Study of History

Vol. 4 (1948), part B, p. 6.
A Study of History (1934–1961)

Failure , Nature , Loss , Parting

“Civilization is a movement and not a condition, a voyage and not a harbor.”

Arnold J. Toynbee

As quoted in Reader's Digest (October 1958).
Variation: Civilization is a movement, not a condition. It is a voyage, not a harbor.
As quoted in The Social Welfare Forum (1968) by the National Conference on Social Welfare.

“Now civilizations, I believe, come to birth and proceed to grow by successfully responding to successive challenges. They break down and go to pieces if and when a challenge confronts them which they fail to meet.”

Arnold J. Toynbee

Civilization on Trial (1948), chapter 4, p. 56.

Birth , Success