“More important than these two considerations was the fact that Russia was at no time concerned with the two policies ‑ the forcing of opium on China and the trade in human flesh ‑ which both the people and Government of China resented and which brought her untold humiliation. … In the `pig trade' ‑ that is, the forcible transportation of Chinese workers to plantations and mines again, in defiance of the orders of Government and of the protests of the people ‑ in this new slave trade, where sometimes forty per cent of those transported died on the way, all Western Powers including America were deeply involved. Russia, for whatever reason, was no party to it. It was these two, the `poison trade' and the `pig trade', that made the iron enter the soul of the Chinese and made them bitterly anti‑foreign.”

— K. M. Panikkar

Asia and Western Dominance: a survey of the Vasco Da Gama epoch of Asian history, 1498–1945

Adopted from Wikiquote. Last update June 3, 2021. History

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K. M. Panikkar 30

Indian diplomat, academic and historian 1895–1963

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K. M. Panikkar 30

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