George Klir (1932–2016) American computer scientist
Source: An approach to general systems theory (1969), p. 40.
Variant: A linguistic variable is defined as a variable whose values are sentences in a natural or artificial language.
Source: 1970s, Outline of a new approach to the analysis of complex systems and decision processes (1973), p. 28
George Klir (1932–2016) American computer scientist
Source: An approach to general systems theory (1969), p. 40.
James Tobin (1918–2002) American economist
Tobin, James. " Estimation of relationships for limited dependent variables http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/P/cp/p01a/p0117.pdf." Econometrica: journal of the Econometric Society (1958): 24-36. <br class="br">1950s-60s
“There is not so variable a thing in Nature as a lady's head-dress.”
Joseph Addison (1672–1719) politician, writer and playwright
No. 98 (22 June 1711).
The Spectator (1711–1714)
Alan Perlis (1922–1990) American computer scientist
The Synthesis of Algorithmic Systems, 1966
Kenneth E. Boulding (1910–1993) British-American economist
Peace Science Society (International) (1975) Papers - Volumes 24-29. p. 53 summarized: "Boulding begins by explaining what he believes are the four basic concepts to describe a conflict in an analytical way : (1) the party; (2) the behavior space; (3) competition; (4) conflict."
Source: 1960s, Conflict and defense: A general theory, 1962, p. 3
David Crystal (1941) British linguist and writer
Source: The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, 1987, p. 371
Gregory Bateson (1904–1980) English anthropologist, social scientist, linguist, visual anthropologist, semiotician and cyberneticist
Source: Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity, 1979, p. 56
Sheri S. Tepper (1929–2016) American fiction writer
Locus interview (1998)
Context: To my mind, the expression of divinity is in variety, and the more variable the creation, the more variable the creatures that surround us, botanical and zoological, the more chance we have to learn and to see into life itself, nature itself. If we were just human beings, living in a spaceship, with an algae farm to give us food, we would not be moved to learn nearly as many things as we are moved by living on a world, surrounded by all kinds of variety. And when I see that variety being first decimated, and then halved — and I imagine in another hundred years it may be down by 90% and there'll be only 10% of what we had when I was a child — that makes me very sad, and very despairing, because we need variety. We came from that, we were born from that, it's our world, the world in which we became what we have become.
Paul A. Samuelson book Foundations of Economic Analysis
Source: 1940s, Foundations of Economic Analysis, 1947, Ch. 2 : The Theory of Maximizing Behavior