“The behavior of the economy as a whole, at the aggregate, macro-level, is built up from the individual equations at the micro-level.”

— Paul Ormerod, book The Death of Economics

Part I, Chapter 4, Professional Reservations, p. 79
The Death of Economics (1994)

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Paul Ormerod20

English economist

Eric Trist (1909–1993) British scientist

The evolution of socio-technical systems, (1981)

“Synergy means behavior of integral, aggregate, whole systems unpredicted by behaviors of any of their components or subassemblies of their components taken separately from the whole.”

Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983) American architect, systems theorist, author, designer, inventor and futurist

102.00 http://www.rwgrayprojects.com/synergetics/s01/p0100.html <br class="br">1970s, Synergetics: Explorations in the Geometry of Thinking (1975), "Synergy" onwards

“Macro-evolution would be defined as changing into a different kind of animal. There is no similarity between micro-evolution and macro-evolution. Many evolutionists will use micro-evolution to try to prove that macro-evolution is true. We must guard ourselves not to fall for this false logic.”

Kent Hovind (1953) American young Earth creationist

Dissertation for doctor of philosophy in christian education (May 25, 1991)

“Artificial Life is concerned with tuning the behaviors of such low-level machines that the behavior that emerges at the global level is essentially the same as some behavior exhibited by a natural living system… Artificial Life is concerned with generating lifelike behavior.”

Christopher Langton (1949) American computer scientist

Source: Artificial Life (1989), p.4-5 as cited in: Luis M. Rocha (2012) " The logical mechanisms of life http://informatics.indiana.edu/rocha/i-bic/lec02.html" on indiana.edu, August 27, 2012

“The historic terrain of macro-economic theory is the explanation of the levels and fluctuations of overall economic activity. Macro-economists have been especially interested in the effects of alternative fiscal, financial, and monetary policies.”

James Tobin (1918–2002) American economist

Source: "Money and Finance in the Macro-Economic Process" (1982), p. 12

“The whole purpose of college is to learn how to deal with difficult situations, not to run away from them. A micro-aggression is exactly that : micro. But in a macro sense, one of the most dangerous places on a college campus is the so-called 'safe space', because it creates a false impression that we can isolate ourselves from those who hold different views. We can't, and we shouldn't try—not in politics or in the workplace. Graduates, in the global economy, and in a democratic society, an open mind is the most valuable asset you can possess.”

Michael Bloomberg (1942) American businessman and politician, former mayor of New York City

Commencement Address given at the Universiy of Michigan, Ann Arbor (30 April 2016), as recorded on Youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YE0VYRPTUrc <br class="br">Education

“Valued achievements connect to people at a deeper level—and a deeper level can change behavior that is generally very difficult to change.”

John P. Kotter (1947) author of The heart of Change

Step 6, p. 130
The Heart of Change, (2002)

“…there are individual ways that we work our way through all of these systems that are corrosive and inescapable. But if there is a solution to the system itself, it’s at a collective level. It’s the level of policy and politics, it’s not at the level of individual choice.”

Jia Tolentino (1988) American writer and editor

On why her book Trick Mirror offers no solutions in “Jia Tolentino: What It’s Like Being the Most Talked About Millennial Writer” https://www.anothermag.com/design-living/11896/jia-tolentino-trick-mirror-book-interview-new-yorker-staff-writer-2019 in AnOther (2019 Sep 15)

“The behavior of large and complex aggregates of elementary particles, it turns out, is not to be understood in terms of a simple extrapolation of a few particles. Instead, at each level of complexity entirely new properties appear, and the understanding of the new behaviors requires research which I think is as fundamental in its nature as any other.”

Philip Warren Anderson (1923) American physicist

Source: More Is Different (1972), p. 393 of [More is different, Science, 177, 4047, 4 August 1972, 393–396, https://www.tkm.kit.edu/downloads/TKM1_2011_more_is_different_PWA.pdf]

“Systems at each level of integration function as wholes with respect to their parts and parts with respect to higher level wholes.”

Ervin László (1932) Hungarian musician and philosopher

Source: Introduction to Systems Philosophy (1972), p. 67.

“The behavior of the economy as a whole, at the aggregate, macro-level, is built up from the individual equations at the micro-level.”

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