“The danger of disturbing the public tranquillity by interesting too strongly the public passions, is a still more serious objection against a frequent reference of constitutional questions to the decision of the whole society.”

—  James Madison

Federalist No. 49 (2 February 1788)
1780s, Federalist Papers (1787–1788)

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James Madison145
4th president of the United States (1809 to 1817) 1751–1836

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