“The national polities of the modern world maintain their existence by deliberately fostered craving and fear…. The “free world” has become economically dependent on a fantastic system of stimulation of greed which cannot be fulfilled, sexual desire which cannot be satiated and hatred which has no outlet…. They create populations of “preta” — hungry ghosts, with giant appetites and throats no bigger than needles. The soil, the forests and all animal life are being consumed by these cancerous collectivities; the air and water of the planet is being fouled by them.”

— Gary Snyder

"Buddhism and the Coming Revolution" (1961, 1969)

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Gary Snyder 23

American poet 1930

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1910s