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Alistair Cameron Crombie citations

Alistair Cameron Crombie est un scientifique australien, zoologue reconnu pour ses études darwiniennes de rivalités et compétitions interspécifiques, qui entame après la seconde guerre mondiale une carrière de chercheur en sciences humaines, comme historien des sciences en Angleterre. Décédé le 9 février 1996, l'historien était né à Brisbane le 4 novembre 1915.

Le jeune Crombie fréquente la Anglican Church Grammar School puis la Geelong Grammar School avant d'étudier aux universités de Melbourne et de Cambridge. Au début des années 1950, il enseigne à l'University College, London.

En 1953, une position de premier lecteur à la chaire d'histoire des sciences lui est attribuée à l'université d'Oxford. Durant son passage à la faculté d'histoire d'Oxford, la discipline histoire des sciences y est reconnue comme une composante obligatoire du cursus estudiantin , ce qui accrut son rayonnement.

Pendant sa carrière d'historien, Crombie identifie une filiation thématique qu'il nomme "styles" dans l'essor de l'approche européenne des sciences et des manières de penser son histoire. Il publie ses idées en 1994 dans une œuvre originale en trois volumes, intitulée, Styles of Scientific thinking in the European Tradition : The History of Argument and Explanation especially in the Mathematical and Biomedical Sciences and Arts.

A.C. Crombie fut, parmi d'autres, le maître de :



Robert Fox ,

David M Knight ;

l'Allemand E Berrios

Trevor Levere . Wikipedia  

✵ 4. novembre 1915 – 9. février 1996
Alistair Cameron Crombie: 8   citations 0   J'aime

Alistair Cameron Crombie: Citations en anglais

“The strategic act by which Grosseteste and his thirteenth- and fourteenth-century successors created modern experimental science was to unite the experimental habit of the practical arts with the rationalism of twelfth-century philosophy.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (1953)

“Grosseteste appears to have been the first medieval writer to recognize and deal with the two fundamental methodological problems of induction and experimental verification and falsification which arose when the Greek conception of geometrical demonstration was applied to the world of experience. He appears to have been the first to set out a systematic and coherent theory of experimental investigation and rational explanation by which the Greek geometrical method was turned into modern experimental science. As far as is known, he and his successors were the first to use and exemplify such a theory in the details of original research into concrete problems.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (1953)

“To understand events as experienced by actual men and institutions we must be concerned with the history of errors and false starts as well as successes-although we make this distinction on the basis of what we now know of the tradition of success. As we go back in time the uncertainty of the outlook and of the objectives of scientific inquiries increases. The essence of the scientific movement is research. The answers to the essential question, what to do in scientific research-what questions to put to nature, by what methods to get answers, what to count as satisfactory answers-became clear only by the accumulation of successes and the marking of failures.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

A. C. Crombie, 1963. as cited in: Robert Maxwell Young. Mind, Brain, and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century, 1970. p. 101.

“Newton achieved the clearest appreciation of the relation between the empirical elements in a scientific system and the hypothetical elements derived from a philosophy of nature.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Alistair Cameron Crombie, as quoted by John Freely in Before Galileo; The Birth of Modern Science in Medieval Europe http://books.google.com/books?id=MfhjAAAAQBAJ (2012).

“Nicolaus Copernicus is the supreme example of a man who revolutionized science by looking at the old facts in a new way.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Alistair Cameron Crombie, Medieval and Early Modern Science (1952) as quoted by John Freely in Before Galileo: The Birth of Early Modern Science in Medieval Europe http://books.google.com/books?id=MfhjAAAAQBAJ (2012).

“Grosseteste's contribution was to emphasize the importance of falsification in the search for true causes and to develop the method of verification and falsification into a systematic method of experimental procedure.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (1953)

“In its application to natural science Grosseteste based his method of verification and falsification on two assumptions about the nature of reality. (a) The first was the principle of the uniformity of nature, meaning that forms are always uniform in their operations…. In support of this principle he quoted 'Aristotles II de Generat.:…'the same cause, provided it remains in the same condition, cannot produce anything but the same effect.' (b) The second assumption Grosseteste made was that of the principle of economy, or lex parsimoniae. This he also derived from Aristotle, who stated it as a pragmatic principle.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (1953)

“By this lux as the first corporeal form Grosseteste did not, of course, mean simply visible light. As an emanation or propagation of substance and power lux was the basis of all bodily magnitude and of all natural operations, of which the manifestation of visible light was only one. One of the most important functions of lux was to be the intermediary between spirit and matter. It was the instrument by which God produced the macrocosm of the universe, and the instrument by which the soul made contact with the physical body and the things of sense in the microcosm of man.”

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Alistair Cameron Crombie

Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science 1100-1700 (1953)