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Joseph Schumpeter citations

Joseph Aloïs Schumpeter, né le 8 février 1883 à Triesch, en Moravie , et mort le 8 janvier 1950 à Salisbury, dans le Connecticut , est un économiste et professeur en science politique autrichien naturalisé américain, connu pour ses théories sur les fluctuations économiques, la destruction créatrice et l'innovation.

Il est l'auteur d'une Histoire de l'analyse économique, parue en 1954 et qui fait encore référence. Ni keynésien, ni néoclassique, on le rapproche parfois de l'École autrichienne d'économie, mais Ludwig von Mises considérait qu'il n'en faisait pas partie. Il est considéré comme l'économiste de l'effervescence et on le qualifie d’économiste hétérodoxe pour ses théories sur l’évolution du capitalisme dans la démocratie, qu'il estime voué à disparaître pour des raisons sociales et politiques. Wikipedia  

✵ 8. février 1883 – 8. janvier 1950  •  Autres noms Schumpeter
Joseph Schumpeter photo
Joseph Schumpeter: 17 citations1 J'aime

Joseph Schumpeter citations célèbres

“[…] Le nouveau ne sort pas de l’ancien, mais apparaît à côté de l’ancien, lui fait concurrence jusqu’à le ruiner […].”

Joseph Schumpeter

Capitalisme, socialisme et démocratie, 1942

“Les agissements de cette nature constituent, au milieu de l’ouragan perpétuel de simples incidents, souvent inévitables, qui encouragent, bien loin de le freiner, le processus d’expansion à long terme. Une telle affirmation n’est pas davantage paradoxale que celle consistant à dire : les automobiles parce qu’elles sont munies de freins roulent plus vite que si elles en étaient dépourvues.”

Joseph Schumpeter

Capitalisme, socialisme et démocratie, 1942

“Comme Keynes, il est possible d’admirer Marx tout en considérant néanmoins que sa vision sociale est fausse et que chacune des préoccupations est fallacieuse.”

Joseph Schumpeter

Histoire de l'analyse économique, 1954

“L'impulsion fondamentale qui met et maintient en mouvement la machine capitaliste est imprimée par les nouveaux objets de consommation, les nouvelles méthodes de production et de transport, les nouveaux marchés, les nouveaux types d'organisation industrielle – tous éléments créés par l'initiative capitaliste. […] L'histoire de l'équipement productif d'énergie, depuis la roue hydraulique jusqu'à la turbine moderne, ou l'histoire des transports, depuis la diligence jusqu'à l'avion. L'ouverture de nouveaux marchés nationaux ou extérieurs et le développement des organisations productives, depuis l'atelier artisanal et la manufacture jusqu'aux entreprises amalgamées telles que l’U. S. Steel, constituent d'autres exemples du même processus de mutation industrielle – si l'on me passe cette expression biologique – qui révolutionne incessamment de l'intérieur la structure économique, en détruisant continuellement ses éléments vieillis et en créant continuellement des éléments neufs. Ce processus de Destruction Créatrice constitue la donnée fondamentale du capitalisme : c'est en elle que consiste, en dernière analyse, le capitalisme et toute entreprise capitaliste doit, bon gré mal gré, s'y adapter.”

Joseph Schumpeter

Capitalisme, socialisme et démocratie, 1942

Joseph Schumpeter: Citations en anglais

“When we inquire about the general forms of economic phenomena, about their uniformities, or about a key to understanding them, we ipso facto indicate that we wish at that moment to consider them as something to be investigated, to be sought for, as the “unknown”; and that we wish to trace them to the relatively “known,” just as any science deals with its object of inquiry.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 1 : The Circular Flow of Economic Life as Conditioned by Given Circumstances

“Geniuses and prophets do not usually excel in professional learning, and their originality, if any, is often due precisely to the fact that they do not.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter livre Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy

Source: Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy

“Since as we have seen the entrepreneurial qualification is something which, like many other qualities, is distributed in an ethnically homogeneous group according to the law of error, the number of individuals who satisfy progressively diminishing standards in this respect continually increases. Hence, neglecting exceptional cases — of which the existence of a few Europeans in a negro population would be an example — with the progressive lightening of the task continually more people can and will become entrepreneurs, wherefore the successful appearance of an entrepreneur is followed by the appearance not simply of some others, but of ever greater numbers, though progressively less qualified.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

“The more the process of development becomes familiar and a mere matter of calculation to all concerned, and the weaker the obstacles become in the course of time, the less the “leadership” that will be needed to call forth innovations. Hence the less pronounced will become the swarm-like appearance of entrepreneurs and the milder the cyclical movement.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

“The innovation is hazardous, impossible for most producers. But if someone establishes a business having regard to this source of supply, and everything goes well, then he can produce a unit of product more cheaply, while at first the existing prices substantially continue to exist. He then makes a profit. Again he has contributed nothing but will and action, has done nothing but recombine existing factors. Again he is an entrepreneur, his profit entrepreneurial profit. And again the latter, and also the entrepreneurial function as such, perish in the vortex of the competition which streams after them. The case of the choice of new trade routes belongs here.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 4 : Entrepreneurial Profit

“Economists have never allowed their analysis to be influenced by psychologists of their time, but have always framed for themselves such assumptions about psychical processes as they have thought it desirable to make.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter

Joseph Schumpeter, History of Economic Analysis, 1945. p. 27

“Only a few people have these qualities of leadership and only a few in such a situation, that is a situation which is not itself already a boom, can succeed in this direction. However, if one or a few have advanced with success many of the difficulties disappear. Others can then follow these pioneers, as they will clearly do under the stimulus of the success now attainable. Their success again makes it easier, through the increasingly complete removal of the obstacles analysed in the second chapter, for more people to follow suit, until finally the innovation becomes familiar and the acceptance of it a matter of free choice.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

“The swarm-like appearance of new combinations easily and necessarily explains the fundamental features of periods of boom.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

“In all cases, not only in the two which we have analyzed, recovery came of itself. There is certainly this much of truth in the talk about the recuperative powers of our industrial system. But this is not all: our analysis leads us to believe that recovery is sound only if it does come of itself. For any revival which is merely due to artificial stimulus leaves part of the work of depressions undone and adds, to an undigested remnant of maladjustment, new maladjustment of its own which has to be liquidated in turn, thus threatening business with another crisis ahead. Particularly, our story provides a presumption against remedial measures which work through money and credit. For the trouble is fundamentally not with money and credit, and policies of this class are particularly apt to keep up, and add to, maladjustment, and to produce additional trouble in the future.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter

"Depressions: Can we learn from past experience?" in Schumpeter, Joseph A.; Chamberlin, Edward; Leontief, Wassily W.; Brown, Douglass V.; Harris, Seymour E.; Mason, Edward S.; Taylor, Overton H., The economics of the recovery program (1934)

“Chentlemen, you are vorried about the depression[sic]. You should not be. For capitalism, a depression is a good, cold douche.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter

To economics students, recorded by R. L. Heilbroner, The Worldly Philosophers, 1953

“Why do entrepreneurs appear, not continuously, that is singly in every appropriately chosen interval, but in clusters? Exclusively because the appearance of one or a few entrepreneurs facilitates the appearance of others, and these the appearance of more, in ever-increasing numbers.”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

“Many things may be copied by the latter; the example as such also acts upon them; and many achievements directly serve other branches too […].”

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Joseph Alois Schumpeter The Theory of Economic Development

The Theory of Economic Development (1934), Ch. 6 : The Business Cycle

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