Anniversaries 31 May
Birth
Padshah Begum of the Mughal Empire
1577–1645
French author, best known for his epistolary essays
1597–1654
French politician
1753–1793
German poet, translator, editor, novelist, and critic
1773–1853
English Unitarian preacher and author
1816–1885
American poet, essayist and journalist
1819–1892
Indo-Portuguese physician, writer, historian, economist, po…
1829–1869
English philosopher
1838–1900
American journalist
1847–1908
German politician, rival of Adolf Hitler inside the Nazi Ps…
1892–1934
American writer
1893–1986
American historian, toponymist, and novelist
1895–1980
American writer
1898–1993
French economist; 1988 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize i…
1911–2010
Chinese American experimental physicist
1912–1997
American politician
1912–1983
Japanese composer
1914–2006
British-American historian
1916–2018
Religious studies scholar
1919–2016
American painter, sculptor, and printmaker
1923–2015
Prince of Monaco
1923–2005
American economist
1930–2019
actor and director from the United States
1930
American electrical engineer
1932–1994
American Mormon leader
1933
American basketball player-coach
1937
Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
1938
American football player
1943
Pakistani politician
1944–2011
German film director, screenwriter, and actor
1945–1982
British university teacher
1947
Canadian anthropologist
1947
American United Nations official
1947
Belarusian investigative journalist and non-fiction prose w…
1948
American Roman Catholic priest, former Navy chaplain and bi…
1960
American singer-songwriter
1963–2003
Hungarian politician, chairman of Fidesz
1963
Scottish association football player and manager
1964
British historian and ex-politician
1974
American writer of speculative fiction for young people
1978
English actor, television presenter and radio DJ
1983
American rapper and comedian
1986
Death
Austrian composer
1732–1809
British statesman, colonial administrator and diplomat
1737–1806
Scottish mathematician and a leader of the Free Church of S…
1780–1847
British minister and poet
1808–1889
French mathematician, founder of group theory
1811–1832
England-born American physician, abolitionist, women's righ…
1821–1910
German composer and virtuoso horn player. Father of Richard…
1822–1905
American teacher and writer
1867–1963
United States Senator from Arizona
1874–1962
German economist and politician
1890–1960
author, feminist, socialist campaigner
1894–1986
Indian Hindu philosopher
1896–1978
Trinidadian writer
1901–1989
German Nazi SS-Obersturmbannführer
1906–1962
University professor and public servant
1909–1979
French biologist
1910–1976
American and French sculptor
1911–2010
Wife of American politician
1918–1976
American psychologist
1920–1996
American author
1928–1997