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Ludwig Wittgenstein idézet
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Ludwig Wittgenstein
Születési dátum: 26. április 1889
Halál dátuma: 29. április 1951
Más nevek: Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein osztrák filozófus, a huszadik század egyik legnagyobb hatású gondolkodója, jelentősen hozzájárult a logika, a matematikafilozófia és a nyelvfilozófia fejlődéséhez.
Idézetek Ludwig Wittgenstein
„Amiről nem lehet beszélni, arról hallgatni kell.“
Logika-filozófiai vizsgálódások
„Ha egy oroszlán beszélni tudna, mi nem lennénk képesek őt megérteni.“
Logika-filozófiai vizsgálódások
„You could attach prices to ideas. Some cost a lot some little. … And how do you pay for ideas? I believe: with courage.“
Forrás: Culture and Value (1980), p. 60e
„I never believed in God before.“
that I understand. But not: "I never really believed in Him before."
Forrás: Culture and Value (1980), p. 53e
„Philosophy aims at the logical clarification of thoughts. Philosophy is not a body of doctrine but an activity.“
Variant translation: Philosophy is not a theory but an activity. A philosophical work consists essentially of elucidations. The result of philosophy is not a number of "philosophical propositions." but to make propositions clear.
Original German: Der Zweck der Philosophie ist die logische Klärung der Gedanken. Die Philosophie ist keine Lehre, sondern eine Tätigkeit. Ein philosophisches Werk besteht wesentlich aus Erläuterungen. Das Resultat der Philosophie sind nicht „philosophische Sätze“, sondern das Klarwerden von Sätzen. Die Philosophie soll die Gedanken, die sonst, gleichsam, trübe und verschwommen sind, klar machen und scharf abgrenzen.
1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)
Kontextus: Philosophy aims at the logical clarification of thoughts. Philosophy is not a body of doctrine but an activity. A philosophical work consists essentially of elucidations. Philosophy does not result in 'philosophical propositions', but rather in the clarification of propositions. Without philosophy thoughts are, as it were, cloudy and indistinct: its task is to make them clear and to give them sharp boundaries. (4.112)
„My propositions are elucidatory in this way: he who understands me finally recognizes them as senseless, when he has climbed out through them, on them, over them.“
He must so to speak throw away the ladder, after he has climbed up on it.
6.54
Original German: Meine Sätze erläutern dadurch, dass sie der, welcher mich versteht, am Ende als unsinnig erkennt, wenn er durch sie—auf ihnen—über sie hinausgestiegen ist. (Er muss sozusagen die Leiter wegwerfen, nachdem er auf ihr hinaufgestiegen ist.)
1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)
„The meaning of life, i.e. the meaning of the world, we can call God.“
Journal entry (11 June 1916), p. 72e and 73e
1910s, Notebooks 1914-1916
Kontextus: What do I know about God and the purpose of life?
I know that this world exists.
That I am placed in it like my eye in its visual field.
That something about it is problematic, which we call its meaning.
This meaning does not lie in it but outside of it.
That life is the world.
That my will penetrates the world.
That my will is good or evil.
Therefore that good and evil are somehow connected with the meaning of the world.
The meaning of life, i. e. the meaning of the world, we can call God.
And connect with this the comparison of God to a father.
To pray is to think about the meaning of life.
„To pray is to think about the meaning of life.“
Journal entry (11 June 1916), p. 72e and 73e
1910s, Notebooks 1914-1916
Kontextus: What do I know about God and the purpose of life?
I know that this world exists.
That I am placed in it like my eye in its visual field.
That something about it is problematic, which we call its meaning.
This meaning does not lie in it but outside of it.
That life is the world.
That my will penetrates the world.
That my will is good or evil.
Therefore that good and evil are somehow connected with the meaning of the world.
The meaning of life, i. e. the meaning of the world, we can call God.
And connect with this the comparison of God to a father.
To pray is to think about the meaning of life.
„What do I know about God and the purpose of life?
I know that this world exists.“
Journal entry (11 June 1916), p. 72e and 73e
1910s, Notebooks 1914-1916
Kontextus: What do I know about God and the purpose of life?
I know that this world exists.
That I am placed in it like my eye in its visual field.
That something about it is problematic, which we call its meaning.
This meaning does not lie in it but outside of it.
That life is the world.
That my will penetrates the world.
That my will is good or evil.
Therefore that good and evil are somehow connected with the meaning of the world.
The meaning of life, i. e. the meaning of the world, we can call God.
And connect with this the comparison of God to a father.
To pray is to think about the meaning of life.
„225. What I hold fast to is not one proposition but a nest of propositions.“
— Ludwig Wittgenstein, könyv On Certainty
On Certainty (1969)
„What stands fast does so, not because it is intrinsically obvious or convincing; it is rather held fast by what lies around it.“
— Ludwig Wittgenstein, könyv On Certainty
On Certainty (1969)
Kontextus: 144. The child learns to believe a host of things. I. e. it learns to act according to these beliefs. Bit by bit there forms a system of what is believed, and in that system some things stand unshakeably fast and some are more or less liable to shift. What stands fast does so, not because it is intrinsically obvious or convincing; it is rather held fast by what lies around it.
„Frazer is much more savage than most of his savages, for they are not as far removed from the understanding of spiritual matter as a twentieth-century Englishman.“
Forrás: 1930s-1951, Philosophical Occasions 1912-1951 (1993), Ch. 7 : Remarks on Frazer's Golden Bough, p. 131
Kontextus: Frazer is much more savage than most of his savages, for they are not as far removed from the understanding of spiritual matter as a twentieth-century Englishman. His explanations of primitive practices are much cruder than the meaning of these practices themselves.
„The arrow points only in the application that a living being makes of it.“
— Ludwig Wittgenstein, könyv Philosophical Investigations
§ 454
Philosophical Investigations (1953)
Kontextus: "Everything is already there in...." How does it come about that [an] arrow points? Doesn't it seem to carry in it something besides itself? — "No, not the dead line on paper; only the psychical thing, the meaning, can do that." — That is both true and false. The arrow points only in the application that a living being makes of it.
„Logic pervades the world: the limits of the world are also its limits.“
Original German:Die Logik erfüllt die Welt; die Grenzen der Welt sind auch ihre Grenzen. Wir können also in der Logik nicht sagen: Das und das gibt es in der Welt, jenes nicht.Das würde nämlich scheinbar voraussetzen, dass wir gewisse Möglichkeiten ausschließen, und dies kann nicht der Fall sein, da sonst die Logik über die Grenzen der Welt hinaus müsste; wenn sie nämlich diese Grenzen auch von der anderen Seite betrachten könnte. Was wir nicht denken können, das können wir nicht denken; wir können also auch nicht sagen, was wir nicht denken können.
1920s, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922)
Kontextus: Logic pervades the world: the limits of the world are also its limits. So we cannot say in logic, "The world has this in it, and this, but not that." For that would appear to presuppose that we were excluding certain possibilities, and this cannot be the case, since it would require that logic should go beyond the limits of the world; for only in that way could it view those limits from the other side as well. We cannot think what we cannot think; so what we cannot think we cannot say either. (5.61)
„Man has to awaken to wonder — and so perhaps do peoples.“
Forrás: Culture and Value (1980), p. 5e
Kontextus: Man has to awaken to wonder — and so perhaps do peoples. Science is a way of sending him to sleep again.
